AP psych unit 2 Flashcards

14649346063	hindsight bias	to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it	0
14649350186	hindsight bias	what are these examples of "I knew it all along" the BP oil spill	1
14649351555	overconfidence	refers to the fact that we think we know much more than we actually know	2
14649361969	perceiving order in random events	humans have a natural eagerness to make sense of the world, therefore, we categorize and sort whenever we can	3
14649369035	critical thinking	thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions.	4
14649372158	critical thinking	what is this an example of being skeptical of something you hear on the news	5
14649377655	theory	an idea based on study and research, but it isnt formally proven	6
14649380081	hypothesis	a testable prediction, often implied by a theory	7
14649382496	operational definition	a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study. they should be so specific that anyone who reads it can repeat the experiment exactly	8
14663776537	case study	one single group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles.	9
14663788721	naturalistic observation	observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulating the situation	10
14663793701	naturalistic observation	what is an example of? an undercover prison guard that is studying prisoners	11
14663798416	survey	a technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group	12
14663804630	random sampling	a sample that fairly represents population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion	13
14663816133	sampling bias	a flawed sampling process that produces an unrepresentative sample	14
14663832798	correlation	a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and how well either variable predicts each other.	15
14663839355	positive correlation	means that as on variable increases, the other will increase as well.	16
14663845951	positive correlation	"the more I study, the better my grades will be"	17
14663862182	negative correlation	means that as one variable increases, the other decreases	18
14671403738	negative correlation	"the more I use this shampoo, the less split ends I have."	19
14671412485	no correlation	when there is no correlation at all, and the scatter plots are random	20
14671414330	illusory correlation	the perception of correlation when none exists	21
14671419586	illusory correlation	people thinking being in the cold can cause people to become ill, but this is not true	22
14671424888	experiment	an investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the outcome on the behavior or mental process	23
14671431364	experimental group	the group who receives the treatment/has the condition	24
14671435455	control group	does not receive the treatment/have the condition	25
14671441460	double blind procedure	when both the participants and staff are blind about whether the participants receive the treatment or a placebo	26
14671451769	when people who receive the placebo believe that they are having a positive effect, when they aren't.	what is the placebo effect	27
14671460505	independent variable	the experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied	28
14674006106	dependent varaiable	the outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to the experimental factor	29
14674009714	confounding variable	a factor other than the IV that might have an affect in an experiment	30
14674014395	hawthorne effect	people may improve their behavior in response to the awareness of being observed; it can have an impact on experiments	31
14674020710	validity	the extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is supposed to	32
14674032707	Reliability	the consistency of an experiment	33
14674053833	positive correlation		34
14674058209	negative correlation		35