US History Module 2 Review: New Empires in the Americas Flashcards

11081049415	Leif Eriksson	The son of Erik the Red. Was a Viking adventurer who sailed from west Norway to Greenland but strong winds blew his ship off course and carried him all the way to the North American coast	0
11081064471	Henry the Navigator	Helped Portugal become a leader in world exploration; built an observatory and founded a school of navigation to teach better methods of sailing	1
11081085663	Astrolabe	An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars and planets	2
11081090832	Caravels	ships that used triangular sails to sail against the wind, and had rudders to improve steering	3
11081097376	Christopher Columbus	a sailor from Genoa, Italy who was trying to find a shorter route to Asia but ended up landing in the Bahamas by mistake	4
11081126044	Line of Demarcation	boundary between Spanish and Portuguese territories in the New World	5
11081131335	Treaty of Tordesillas	Set the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.	6
11081148747	Ferdinand Magellan	Portuguese explorer who found a sea route to the Spice Island by sailing around the American continent. His crew was the first to circumnavigate the world.	7
11081151223	Circumnavigate	to sail around the world	8
11081154288	Columbian Exchange	The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.	9
11081165305	Conquistadors	Spanish conquerors	10
11081165306	Hernan Cortes	Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)	11
11081170595	Moctezuma II	Last Aztec emperor, overthrown by the Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes.	12
11081181736	Francisco Pizarro	Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541).	13
11081184363	Encomienda System	It gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or to make them work. In exchange, these settlers were supposed to protect the Native American people and convert them to Christianity	14
11081201541	Plantations	large farms that grew just one kind of crop	15
11081220015	Bartolome de Las Casas	Spanish priest who said that the Spanish should convert Native Americans to Christianity by showing them love, gentleness, and kindness	16
11081271882	Protestant Reformation	Religious movement that started by Martin Luther in Europe because he felt the Roman Catholic church was too wealthy and abused its power.	17
11081302822	Protestants	reformers who protested some of the Catholic Churches practices	18
11081324111	Spanish Armada	A huge fleet of warships meant to end English plans	19
11081365149	Northwest Passage	A water route through North America that would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.	20
11081375460	Jacques Cartier	French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region for France (1491-1557)	21
11081382592	Charter	a document giving permission to start a colony	22
11081649099	Pueblo	spanish village or trading post	23
11081651355	Viceroy	Royal governor	24
11081654436	mission	A religious settlement	25
11081657019	presidio	spanish military outpost	26