Chapter 2 AP Bio Flashcards

10505863816	central elements in our body	oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen	0
10505895988	trace elements	required in only minute quantities e.g. iodine	1
10505900442	essential elements	needed by an organism to live a healthy life	2
10505904985	how is each element unique?	different number of protons	3
10505906667	atomic mass	number of protons & neutrons	4
10505908561	atomic number	number of protons	5
10505910562	mass number	number of one isotope	6
10505916639	elements in the same column...	...have the same number of neutrons	7
10505922138	carbon has 6 neutrons and 6 protons. what is its atomic mass and atomic number?	atomic mass - 12 atomic number - 6	8
10505923646	what happens when electrons gain energy?	they jump to higher energy levels	9
10505926513	max number of electrons in a single orbital?	2	10
10505926514	ionic bond	gives away electrons	11
10505928311	covalent bond	shares electrons strongest bonds	12
10505931885	polar bonds	one atom is more electronegative, and the atoms do not share the electron equally	13
10505939807	nonpolar bonds	atoms share the electron equally	14
10505944138	electronegativity	measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons	15
10505945446	know electron dot configuration/electron pairing	know electron dot configuration/electron pairing	16
10505951118	chemical equilibrium	is reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal	17
10505955513	what connects water molecules?	hydrogen bonds	18
10505958783	what makes an acid weak?	weak acids don't completely ionize	19
10505959522	buffer	substances that minimize changes in concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution	20
10505970529	acid	any substance that increases the H+ Concentration of a solution	21
10505974566	base	any substance that reduces the H+ concentration of solution	22
10505985602	hydrophilic	has an affinity for water	23
10505987291	hydrophobic	does not have an affinity for water	24
10505997154	PH SCALE STUFF	PH SCALE STUFF	25