Ap Environmental Science Population Flashcards
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| 14823134051 | Three types of population distribution | Random, Uniform, Clumped | 0 | |
| 14823134052 | Density Dependent Factor | A factor that influences an individuals probability of survival and reproduction in a manner that depends on the size of the population (i.e. predation, disease, food supply) | 1 | |
| 14823134053 | Density Independent Factor | A factor that has the same effect on a individual's probability of survival and reproduction at any populations size | 2 | |
| 14823134054 | exponential growth models | occurs when populations are not limited by resources. (J-curve) |  | 3 |
| 14823134055 | logistical growth model | occurs when populations reach a carrying capacity established by a limiting resource and initially experience large growth but then level off |  | 4 |
| 14823134056 | Type I, II, III Curves | reproductive strategies of different species. Type I fosters their young, Type II does sorta kinda, and type III straight up ditches their kids |  | 5 |
| 14823134057 | K selective species | A species with a low intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to increase slowly until it reaches carrying capacity (TYPE I). Produce only a few offspring and provide parental care. | 6 | |
| 14823134058 | r selective species | A species with a high intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to overshoot and quickly die off (TYPE III). Produce many small offspring and provide no parental care. | 7 | |
| 14823134059 | Population size | The total number of individuals within a defined area at a given time | 8 | |
| 14823134060 | Population density | The number of individuals per unit area at a given time | 9 | |
| 14823134061 | Population distribution | How individuals are distributed with respect to one another | 10 | |
| 14823134062 | Population age structure | how many individuals fit into age categories. Shown by age structure diagrams |  | 11 |
| 14823134063 | Growth Rate | The number of offspring an individual can produce in a given period of time, minus the deaths of the individual or offspring during the same period | 12 | |
| 14823134064 | Metapopulations | A group of spatially distinct populations that are connected by occasional movements of individuals between the populations | 13 | |
| 14823134065 | Competition | The struggle of individuals to obtain a limiting resource | 14 | |
| 14823134066 | Resource partitioning | Where species work together and divide up a resource like birds in a tree-this can reduce competition | 15 | |
| 14823134067 | Predation | The use of one species as a resource by another species | 16 | |
| 14823134068 | Parasites | Type of predation when species live on or in the organism they consume | 17 | |
| 14823134069 | Parasitoids | Type of predation when species lay eggs inside other organisms | 18 | |
| 14823134070 | Mutualism | A type of interspecific interaction where both species benefit | 19 | |
| 14823134071 | Commensalism | A type of relationship in which one species benefits but the other is neither helped nor hurt | 20 | |
| 14823134072 | Keystone Species | Keystone or Busch? Jk nah this is a species that plays a role in its community that is far more important that ints relative abundance might suggest | 21 | |
| 14823134073 | Primary Succession | Occurs on surfaces that are initially devoid of soil. Starts with moss and lichens on the exposed rock and it it progresses to shrubs and plants and eventually restores ecosystem. | 22 | |
| 14823134074 | Secondary Succession | Occurs in areas that have been disturbed but have not lost their soil | 23 | |
| 14823134075 | Community Ecology | The study of the interactions between species in a habitat | 24 | |
| 14823134076 | Competitive exclusion principle | two species competing for the same limited resource cannot coexist. This explains why resource partitioning takes place so that both can survive | 25 | |
| 14823134077 | Interspecific Competition | When two species compete over one limited resource | 26 | |
| 14823134078 | Intraspecific Competition | When two individuals within the same species compete over one limited resource | 27 | |
| 14823134079 | Factors that determine species richness | Latitude (distance from equator), Time (older the habitat, the higher SR), Habitat size (larger=greater) | 28 | |
| 14823134081 | How does the human population not have a food deficit? | Innovation and Technology | 29 | |
| 14823134082 | growth rate equation | CBR-CDR/10 | 30 | |
| 14823134083 | doubling time for a population equation | 70/growth rate | 31 | |
| 14823134084 | Demography | The study of human populations and population trends | 32 | |
| 14823134085 | Total Fertility Rate (TFR) | estimate of the average number of children each woman will bear in her lifetime | 33 | |
| 14823134086 | Replacement level fertility (RLF) | 2.1 | 34 | |
| 14823134087 | Developed Countries | Countries with high levels of industrialization and income | 35 | |
| 14823134088 | Developing Countries | Countries with relatively low levels of industrialization and income | 36 | |
| 14823134089 | Life Expectancy | The average number of years that an infant born in a particular year in a particular country can be expected to live, given the current average life span and death rate of that country | 37 | |
| 14823134090 | Infant Mortality Rate | Number of deaths of children under the age of one per 1000 births | 38 | |
| 14823134091 | Child Mortality Rate | Number of deaths of children under the age of five per 1000 births | 39 | |
| 14823134092 | Demographic Transition | The theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to and industrialized one, it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth | 40 | |
| 14823134093 | Family Planning | Regulating the number or spacing of children through the use of birth control | 41 | |
| 14823134094 | IPAT equation | environmental impact = Population x Affluence x Technology | 42 |