AP Psych Unit 5 Flashcards

11510081004	Substance Use Disorder	continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk	0
11510081005	Psychoactive Drug	a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods	1
11510081006	Tolerance	the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effects	2
11510081007	Addiction	compulsive craving of drugs or certain behavior despite known adverse consequences	3
11510081008	Withdrawal	the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior	4
11510081009	Depressants	drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions	5
11510081010	Alcohol Use Disorder	alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use	6
11510081011	Barbiturates	drug that depresses central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment	7
11510081012	Opiates	opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety	8
11510081013	Stimulants	drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, Ecstasy, and methamphetamine) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions	9
11510081014	Amphetamines	drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes	10
11510081015	Nicotine	a stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco	11
11510081016	Cocaine	a powerful and addictive stimulant, derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness and euphoria	12
11510081017	Methamphetamine	a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels	13
11510081018	Ecstasy (MDMA)	a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen -produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and long-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition	14
11510081019	Hallucinogens	psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input	15
11510081020	LSD	a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid	16
11510081021	Near-Death Experience	an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations	17
11510081022	THC	the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations	18
11510081023	Insomnia	recurring problems in falling or staying asleep	19
11510081024	Narcolepsy	a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks	20
11510081025	Sleep Apnea	a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings	21
11510081026	Night Terrors	a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered	22
11510081027	Dream	a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind	23
11510081028	Manifest Content	according to Freud, the story line of a dream	24
11510081029	Latent Content	according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream	25
11510081030	REM Rebound	the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)	26
11510081031	Circadian Rhythm	the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle	27
11510081032	REM Sleep	Rapid Eye Movement Sleep; a reoccurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur -also known as Paradoxical Sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active	28
11510081033	Alpha Waves	the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state	29
11510081034	Sleep	periodic, natural loss of consciousness- as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation	30
11510081035	Hallucinations	false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus	31
11510081036	Delta Waves	the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep	32
11510081037	NREM Sleep	Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep	33
11510081038	Sleep Spindles	bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain-wave activity	34
11510081039	Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)	a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm -in response to light, this causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness	35
11510081040	Consciousness	Our awareness of ourselves and our environment	36
11510081041	States of Consciousness	Sleeping, walking, and various altered states	37
11510081042	Hypnosis	A social interaction in which one person (the subject) responds to another person's (the hypnotist's) suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur	38
11510081043	Hypnotherapists	try to help people harness their own healing powers	39
11510081044	Posthypnotic Suggestions	a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized -used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors	40
11510081045	Stroop Effect	Explains the decreased speed of naming the color of ink used to print words when the color of ink and the word itself are of different colors.	41
11510081046	Dissociation	a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others	42