AP Human Geography Language Flashcards
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| 13638872712 | Language | The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way | 0 | |
| 13638872713 | Mutual Intelligibility | A relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort | 1 | |
| 13638872714 | Standard Language | Either as a language variety used by a population for public purposes or a variety that has undergone standardization | 2 | |
| 13638872715 | Dialects | A particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group | 3 | |
| 13638872716 | Dialect Chains | Spread of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties differ only slightly | 4 | |
| 13638872717 | Isogloss | A geographic boundary of a certain linguistic feature, such as the pronunciation of a vowel, the meaning of a word, or the use of some morphological or syntactic feature | 5 | |
| 13638872718 | Language Families | Group of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language or parental language | 6 | |
| 13638872719 | Subfamilies | A major division of a language family | 7 | |
| 13638872720 | Cognate | Having the same linguistic derivation as another; from the same original word or root | 8 | |
| 13638872721 | Proto-Indo-European | The unrecorded language from which all Indo-European languages are hypothesized to derive | 9 | |
| 13638872722 | Proto-Eurasiatic | A proposed language macro-family that would include many language families historically spoken in northern, western, and southern Eurasia | 10 | |
| 13638872723 | Language Divergence | When people use the same labels to identify different meanings | 11 | |
| 13638872724 | Backward Reconstruction | A language without any native speakers | 12 | |
| 13638872725 | Extinct Theory | A language that no longer has any speakers, especially if the language has no living descendants | 13 | |
| 13638872726 | Conquest Theory | When a person or a group of people take control of an area and make everyone in that area follow their rules and beliefs | 14 | |
| 13638872727 | Romance Languages | The modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the third and eighth centuries and that form a subgroup of the Italic languages | 15 | |
| 13638872728 | Germanic Languages | A branch of the Indo-European language family containing English, German, Dutch, Afrikaans, Frisian, the Scandinavian languages, and Gothic | 16 | |
| 13638872729 | Slavic Languages | A branch of the Indo-European family of languages, usually divided into East Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian), West Slavic (Polish, Czech, Slovak, Sorbian), and South Slavic (Old Church Slavonic, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene) | 17 | |
| 13638872730 | Lingua Franca | A language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different | 18 | |
| 13638872731 | Pidgin Language | A grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common | 19 | |
| 13638872732 | Creole Language | A stable natural language that develops from the mixing and simplifying of different languages at a fairly sudden point in time | 20 | |
| 13638872733 | Monolingual Language | Speaking only one language | 21 | |
| 13638872734 | Multilingual Language | Speaking more than one language | 22 | |
| 13638872735 | Official Language | The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents. | 23 | |
| 13638872736 | Global Language | a language that is learned and spoken internationally | 24 | |
| 13638872737 | Place | A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character | 25 | |
| 13638872738 | Toponym | A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages | 26 |