Ap vocab Flashcards

15036860544	Agricultural Revolution	The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering	0
15036860545	Arithmetic Density	The total number of people divided by the total land area.	1
15036860546	Census	A complete enumeration of a population.	2
15036860547	Crude Birth Rate (CBR)	The total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society.	3
15036860548	Crude Death Rate (CDR)	The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.	4
15036860549	Demographic Transition Model	A sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.	5
15036860550	Demography	The scientific study of population characteristics.	6
15036860551	Dependency Ratio	The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force	7
15036860552	Doubling Time	The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.	8
15036860553	Ecumene	The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.	9
15036860554	Epidemiologic Transition	distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transitions	10
15036860555	Epidermiology	Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people.	11
15036860556	Industrial Revolution	A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.	12
15036860557	Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)	The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.	13
15036860558	Life Expectancy	The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live.	14
15036860559	Malthusian Theory	The theory that population grows faster than food supply	15
15036860560	Medical Revolution	Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives.	16
15036860561	Natural Increase Rate (NIR)	The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.	17
15036860562	Neo-Malthusians	People who believed in Malthusian Theory and in the idea that population was not only outstripping food but other resources	18
15036860563	Overpopulation	The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.	19
15036860564	Pandemic	Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.	20
15036860565	Physiological Density	The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.	21
15036860566	Population Pyramid	A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.	22
15036860567	Sex Ratio	The number of males per 100 females in the population.	23
15036860568	Total Fertility Rate (TFR)	The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.	24
15036860569	Zero Population Growth (ZPG)	A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero.	25
15036860570	Aging Population	an increasing median age in the population of a region due to declining fertility rates and/or rising life expectancy	26
15036860571	Anti-Natalist Policies	a scheme or law that a government may adopt in order to control their population growth	27
15036860572	Arithmetic Growth	the situation where a population increases by a constant number of persons (or other objects) in each period being analysed	28
15036860573	Carrying Capacity	The largest number of people that the environment of a region can support.	29
15036860574	Contraception	the deliberate use of artificial methods or other techniques to prevent pregnancy as a consequence of sexual intercourse	30
15036860575	Demographic Accounting Equation	An equation that summarizes the amount of growth or decline in a population within a country during a particular time period taking into account both natural increase and net migration.	31
15036860576	Demographic Momentum	the tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution	32
15036860577	Endemic	(of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area	33
15036860578	Epidemic	a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.	34
15036860579	Exponential Growth	Growth that occurs when a fixed percentage of people is added to a population each year. Exponential growth is compound because the fixed growth rate applies to an ever-increasing population.	35
15036860580	Family Planning Services	educational, comprehensive medical or social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved	36
15036860581	Matriarchal	relating to or denoting a form of social organization in which a woman is the head.	37
15036860582	Mortality	death, especially on a large scale.	38
15036860583	Patriarchal	relating to or denoting a form of social organization in which a man is the head	39
15036860584	Pro-Natalist Policies	in public policy typically seeks to create financial and social incentives for populations to reproduce, such as proving tax incentives that reward having and supporting children	40
15036860585	Cohort	A population group unified by a specific common characteristic, such as age, and subsequently treated as a statistical unit.	41
15036860586	Baby Boomers	Cohort of individuals born in the USA between 1946 and 1964, just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity.	42
15036860587	Baby Bust	Period of time during the 1960s and 1970s when fertility rates in the USA dropped as large numbers of women from the baby boom generation sought higher levels of education and more competitive jobs, causing them to marry later in life.	43
15036860588	Generation X	A term coined by artist and author Douglas Coupland to describe people born in the United States between the years 1965 and 1980. This post-baby-boom generation will have to support the baby boom cohort as they head into their retirement years.	44
15036860589	Millennials	aka Generation Y, are the demographic cohort following Generation X, and preceding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media use the early 1980s to around 2000s as ending birth years	45
15036860590	Generation Z	the demographic cohort after the Millennials. Demographers and researchers typically use the mid-1990s to early-2000s as starting birth years. there is a little consensus regarding any birth years. Most of Generation Z have used the Internet since a young age and are comfortable with technology and social media	46
15036860591	Thomas Malthus	created Malthusian Theory	47
15036860592	E.G. Ravenstein	British demographer who sought an answer to "why people voluntarily migrate." He studied internal migration in England and proposed the laws of migration involving the use of Pull and Push factors.	48