AP Language Summer Terms Flashcards

14576938181	abstract	existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.	0
14576938834	active voice	Expresses an action done by its subject.	1
14576939496	passive voice	The subject of the sentence receives the action.	2
14576940852	ad hominem	In an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."	3
14576940853	Allegory	A literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions	4
14576941379	Alliteration	Repetition of initial consonant sounds	5
14576942117	allude	to refer to casually or indirectly	6
14576943131	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	7
14576943863	Analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	8
14576944620	Anaphora	repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines	9
14576944621	anecdote	A brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event.	10
14576946461	antecedent	the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers	11
14576947084	Antithesis	the direct opposite, a sharp contrast	12
14576947941	Aphorism	A brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.	13
14576948590	assertion	a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief	14
14576948591	Bias	prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.	15
14576949002	cliche	a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.	16
14576949514	common ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions.	17
14576950315	concession	A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.	18
14576950316	concrete	existing in a material or physical form; real or solid; not abstract.	19
14576951650	Connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.	20
14576952301	contextualize	place in context, such as by giving the background or circumstances	21
14576953612	dangling participle	a participle intended to modify a noun that is not actually present in the text.	22
14576955441	decorum	proper behavior, good taste; orderliness	23
14576958590	Deductive	reasoning from general to specific	24
14576960173	denotation	the literal meaning of a word	25
14576960731	dichotomy	Two opposite parts of one whole	26
14576961238	digression	a temporary departure from the main subject in speech or writing	27
14576962451	discredit	to refuse to believe; to reject as untrue	28
14576962452	distinction	a difference or contrast between similar things or people	29
14576962939	Ellipsis	in a sentence, the omission of a word or words replaced by three periods	30
14576963340	Enumeration	a list of words, phrases or clauses, sometimes numbered or bulleted	31
14576964806	Euphamism	a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.	32
14576973303	examine	Consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.	33
14576974150	exemplify	To illustrate by being an example of	34
14576975274	fallacy	a mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument	35
14576975952	function	the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part	36
14576977045	generalize	general rather than specific; to form a general conclusion	37
14576977872	homily	This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	38
14576978353	Hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.	39
14576980025	Imagery	visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.	40
14576980494	imperative	extremely necessary; vitally important	41
14576981844	imply/infer	Imply - to indirectly suggest Infer - to draw a conclusion	42
14576982731	Inductive	a form of logical argumentation that requires the use of examples	43
14576992420	Interrogative	A sentence that asks a question	44
14576993216	Irony	A contrast between expectation and reality	45
14576993217	Jargon	nonsensical talk; specialized language	46
14576993688	justify	show or prove to be right or reasonable	47
14576994536	Juxtaposition	the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.	48
14576995009	Linguistuc	relating to language or linguistics	49
14576996651	loaded diction	Words and/or phrases intended to inspire emotion in the audience	50
14576997336	Metaphor	A comparison without using like or as	51
14576998520	Metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant	52
14577000325	Onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	53
14577002902	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	54
14577002903	Paradox	A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.	55
14577003545	Parallelism	Phrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other	56
14577004158	Parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	57
14577004940	point of view	the perspective from which a story is told	58
14577006260	pragmatic	practical, as opposed to idealistic	59
14577021558	Proofs	used with a statement and supported by a reason	60
14577022573	Prose	written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.	61
14577023547	qualify	reach a necessary standard; limit the meaning of something stated	62
14577024928	rationalize	justify; give reason for	63
14577024929	refute	to prove incorrect	64
14577025719	Repetition	Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis	65
14577026774	rhetorical modes	This flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.	66
14577027183	Satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.	67
14577027184	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	68
14577051410	Symbol	A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.	69
14577052081	Synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	70
14577052633	Syntax	The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.	71
14577054149	Theme	Central idea of a work of literature	72
14577054787	Theorem	a statement that has been proven	73
14577054788	Tone	A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.	74
14577055995	underscore	to emphasize	75
14577056635	Understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.	76
14577057783	Heresay	information heard by one person about another. Heresay is generally inadmissible as evidence in court because it's not based on personal knowledge.	77
14577058663	Ethos	Ethical appeal	78
14577059741	Pathos	emotional appeal	79
14577060253	Logos	Appeal to logic	80
14577060254	clause	A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.	81
14577060722	phrase	A group of words with a meaning; an expression	82
14577062258	colon	a statement of proportion between two numbers, or to separate hours from minutes (and minutes from seconds) in a numerical statement of time.	83
14577063912	semi-colon	a punctuation mark (;) which connects two independent parts of a sentence.	84
14577065371	hypen	A punctuation mark that is used to connect words or parts of words.	85