Metabolism Flashcards
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| 13482952590 | Metabolism | the combination of biochemical reactions within the body | 0 | |
| 13491361963 | catabolism | Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy. | 1 | |
| 13491366531 | anabolism | Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy. | 2 | |
| 13482960833 | glycolysis | A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy from the body in the form of ATP (no oxygen is required) NET = 2 Pyruvic acid,2 H2O, 2 ATP, 2 NADH and H+ (reduced coenzyme) |  | 3 |
| 13482980881 | citric acid cycle | Completes the breakdown of glucose by oxidizing a derivative of pyruvate to carbon dioxide. |  | 4 |
| 13482988346 | NADH and FADH2 | high energy electron carrier(s) after reduction in cellular respiration (after they pick up electrons from Kreb's cycle) | 5 | |
| 13482990262 | reduction | gain of electrons (same as gaining a hydrogen ion) | 6 | |
| 13482990263 | oxidation | The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction. |  | 7 |
| 13483023498 | redox reaction | A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction. | 8 | |
| 13483050962 | substrate-level phosphorylation | The formation of ATP by directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism. |  | 9 |
| 13483067982 | oxidative phosphorylation | The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain; the third major stage of cellular respiration. | | 10 |
| 13483072843 | summary of glucose metabolism |  | 11 | |
| 13483282507 | The breakdown of a triglyceride into its components is called | lipolysis |  | 12 |
| 13483298582 | beta oxidation of fatty acids | -occurs in the mitochondria -produce acetyl CoA (precursor of acetoacetate) -two carbon fatty acids at a time | | 13 |
| 13491424263 | Ketogenesis/ ketosis | an undesirably high concentration of ketone bodies in the blood and urine; Results from the breakdown of fatty acids as energy resulting in accumulation of acetylCoA because enzymes (made with carbs) are not available in the citric acid cycle |  | 14 |
| 13491613021 | Lipogenesis | the process of converting protein into fatty acids | 15 | |
| 13488820572 | amino acid metabolism | 1. oxidative deamination = glutamic acid loses amine group to form ammonia and is combined with CO2 to form urea 2. transamination- get rid of amino group and switch it for a kept acid 3. Keto acid modification - altered keto acid can enter into the citric acid cycle ***several steps and waste products produced in the use of amino acids as a fuel source |  | 16 |
| 13491530434 | Glycogenesis | formation of glycogen from glucose or from other monosaccharides, fructose, or galactose |  | 17 |
| 13491568559 | Glycogenolysis | breakdown of glycogen to glucose | 18 | |
| 13491578645 | Gluconeogenesis | The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids. | 19 | |
| 13491301974 | function of cholesterol | stabilizing component of plasma membrane; parent molecule of steroid hormones | 20 | |
| 13491640818 | Lipoproteins | clusters of lipids associated with proteins that serve as transport vehicles for lipids in the lymph and blood |  | 21 |
| 13491645033 | HDL cholesterol | Good. High density lipoprotein. High protein, low fat (5% triglyceride, 30% phospholipid, 20% cholesterol, 45-50% protein) |  | 22 |
| 13491978232 | LDL cholesterol | Bad. Low density lipoprotein. Low protein, high fat (10% triglyceride, 20% phospholipid, 45% cholesterol, 25% protein) | | 23 |