AP Flashcards

13241850073	How Many Bones Does Axial Consist Of?	80	0
13241858979	What are the 3 major regions of the Axial Skeleton	Skull, Vertebral column, Thoracic cage	1
13241867532	appendicular skeleton	bones of the limbs and girdles	2
13241873414	Skull	Most complex bony structure in body formed	3
13241882083	What two sets of bones is the skull made of?	Cranial and Facial bones	4
13241890420	Cranial bones	enclose the brain in the cranial cavity, provide sites of attachment for head and neck muscles	5
13241896539	Facial bone	Framework of face, contain cavities for sight,taste, and smell	6
13241910608	Joints are also called?	Sutures	7
13241916505	Cranial is composed of how many bones?	8	8
13241928977	coronal suture	the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull	9
13241935153	Sagittal suture	between right and left parietal bones	10
13241937264	lambdoid suture	between parietal bones and occipital bone	11
13241943061	Squamous suture	between parietal and temporal bones on each side of skull	12
13241950866	formamen magnum	"Large hole" through which brain connects with spinal cord	13
13241961384	What are the temporal three major regions	Squamous, Tympanic, Petrous	14
13241968945	mastoiditis	can develop if a middle ear infection spreads into mastoid process area	15
13241976545	mastoid air cells	mastoid process contains cavities (sinuses) called	16
13241984959	sella turcica	Prominence area enclosing the pituitary gland	17
13241995328	sutural bones	tiny irregularly shaped bones that appear within sutures	18
13242002863	wormian bones	another name for sutural bones	19
13242009284	How many bones does facial Skeleton have?	14	20
13242014172	Mandible and vomer	What are the only two facial bones that are unpaired?	21
13242017252	Mandible	Largest and strongest bone of the face	22
13242031965	Hyoid bone	Not bone of skull Does not articulate directly with another bone Movable base for tongue Site of attachment for muscles of swallowing and speech	23
13242037250	Orbits	Cavities that encase eyes and lacrimal glands Sites of attachment for eye muscles Formed by parts of seven bones Frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, palatine, lacrimal, and ethmoid	24
13242048972	How many irregular bones are they? And what are they called	26, vertebrae	25
13242055271	cervical vertebrae	C1-C7	26
13242061870	thoracic vertebrae	T1-T12	27
13242064074	Lumbar vertebrae	L1-L5	28
13242067670	Sacrum Vertebrae	S1-S5 l one bone, formed from fusion of several bones, articulates with hip	29
13242076545	Coccyx	4 fused vertebrae that form terminus of column "tailbone"	30
13242088489	nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc	Inner gelatinous nucleus "Dr.Scholl's". Gives disc it's elasticity and compressibility	31
13242099208	annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc	Outer collar composed of 'Collagen' and 'Fibrocartilage'. Limits expansion of nucleus and purposes when compressed	32
13242113846	What are the two parts of the intervertebral disc?	Nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus	33
13242120381	intervertebral discs	Cushionlike pad sandwiched between vertebrae that act as shock absorbers	34
13242128783	Herniated disc	ruptured anulus fibrosus, resulting in protrusion of nucleus pulposus	35
13242144344	Scoliosis	abnormal lateral rotation of spine, most often in thoracic region, which may lead to breathing difficulties	36
13242151687	Kyphosis (hunchback)	abnormal dorsal thoracic curvature common in people with osteoporosis, tuberculosis of spine, rickets, or osteomalacia	37
13242154636	Lordosis (swayback)	accentuated lumbar curvature that can result from disease but is also seen in men with pot bellies and in pregnant women	38
13242163581	True ribs	1-7 attach directly to sternum by individual costal cartilages	39
13242168719	False ribs	8-10 attach indirectly to sternum by joining costal cartilage of rib above	40
13242179971	Floating ribs	11 and 12 no attachment to sternum	41
13242186824	Sternum	breastbone	42
13242187125	Clavicle	collar bone	43
13242189132	Shoulder blade	scapula	44
13242192900	Humerus	upper arm bone	45
13242192978	forearm	lower part of arm	46
13242202016	Wrist bone	carpal	47
13242204624	Thigh bone	femur	48
13242207007	ankles	talus	49
13242236090	Feet	tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges	50
13242244374	lateral longitudinal arch	low curve that elevates lateral part of foot	51
13242246476	medial longitudinal arch	arch curves upwards	52
13242250879	transverse arch of foot	runs obliquely from one side of the foot to the other	53
13242258718	What are skull bones connected by	Fontanelles	54
13242260940	Fontanelles	-unossified remnants of fibrous membranes -ease birth and allow brain growth	55
13242267749	What are the four fontanelles	anterior, posterior, mastoid, sphenoid	56
13242272531	Colles fracture	Break in distal end of radius. Break falls with outstretched hands	57
13242278524	congenital defects	defects present at birth	58
13242280290	Cleft palate	the failure of the palate to close during the early development of the fetus	59
13242286059	Craniosynostosis	the premature fusing of the skull bones	60
13242295997	Joints are also called	articulations	61
13242300161	What are the two classification of joints	functional and structural	62
13242300162	Functional	Based of joint mobility	63
13242305272	Structural	Based on what material binds joint and type of cavity	64
13242314820	Synarthroses	immovable joints	65
13242317002	Amphiarthroses	slightly movable joints	66
13242321741	Diarthroses	freely movable joints	67
13242325487	Fibrous joints	Bones joined by dense fibrous connective tissue No joint cavity Most are synarthrotic (immovable) Example: Sutures, Syndesmoses	68
13242337386	Sutures	rigid, interlocking joints of skull Synarthrotic (immovable) Allows for growth during youth	69
13242352271	Syndesmoses	bones connected by ligaments, bands of fibrous tissue. Movement varies Example: interosseous membrane connecting radius and ulna	70
13242364487	Gonphoses	Peg in socket joint Example are the teeth in alveolar sockets Fibrous connection is the Periodontal Ligament (holds tooth in socket)	71
13242380707	cartilaginous joints	bones joined by cartilage; no joint cavity	72
13242385437	What are the two types of cartilaginous	synchondroses and symphyses	73
13242389357	Synchondroses (cartilaginous)	Bar/plate of hyaline cartilage; almost all are synarthrotic (immovable) Examples: temporary epiphyseal plate joints	74
13242404442	Symphyses	fibrocartilage unites bones in "symphysis" joint; amphiarthrotic (that is slightly movable.) Examples; intervertebral and Pubic symphysis	75
13242422474	Synovial joints	Bones separated by fluid-filled joint cavity All are diarthrotic (freely movable) 6 different types	76
13242440254	Bursae	reduce friction where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together	77
13242442606	Tendon sheaths	elongated bursae wrapped completely around tendons subjected to friction	78
13242449434	Ligaments	bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another bone	79
13242455246	Muscle tone	Keep tendons taut as they cross joints; Most important role, extremely important in reinforcing shoulder and knee joints and arches of foot	80
13242483166	Plane joint	short slipping or gliding movements (carpals)	81
13242486056	hinge joint	Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee) that permits motion in only one plane	82
13242494572	pivot joint	rotating bone turns around an axis (connection between radius/ulna and humerus)	83
13242501264	Condylar	term that describes joints that can bend, straighten, and move side to side (phalanges)	84
13242507739	saddle joint	type of joint found at the base of each thumb; allows grasping and rotation	85
13242511834	ball and socket joint	hip and shoulder joints	86
13242518821	Collateral ligament	Two: fibulae collateral ligament and tibial collateral ligament, help prevent hyperextension of knee	87
13242544185	Cruciate ligament	Arranged in crossed formation. Help prevent anterior-posterior displacement; anterior crucial ligament	88