AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

14847258220	Allusion	A brief reference to a person, event, or place or work of art	0
14847258221	Ambiguity	Double of even multiple meanings. Unintentional is considered a defect, and intentional can add richness to the text. In the form of a pun or lay on words, can be a source of humor	1
14847258222	Analogy	A comparison of similar things, often for the purpose of using something familiar to explain something unfamiliar	2
14847258223	Anecdote	a brief story used to illustrate a point or claim	3
14847258224	Antecedent	Something that comes before. In the context of grammar, the ( ) of a pronoun is the word that the pronoun stands for	4
14847258225	Antithesis	Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction	5
14847258226	Bias	The tendency to have an opinion or view that is often held without considering evidence and other information. The degree to which a source does or does not consider other positions reflects the degree to which that source is biased	6
14847258227	colloquial/colloquialism	A word or phrase in everyday use in conversation an informal writing, but sometimes inappropriate in a formal essay	7
14847258228	Concession	An acknowledgment that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable	8
14847258229	Confirmation bias	The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it	9
14847258230	Connotation	Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation. Connotations are often positive or negative, and they often greatly affect the author's tone	10
14847258231	Context	The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text. Includes time, place, and occasion	11
14847258232	Counter argument	An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward. A strong writer will usually address it through a process of concession and refutation	12
14847258233	Dialect	The version of a language spoken by the people of a particular region or social group. Differing in vocabulary and grammar as well as pronunciation. Develops when groups of people are separated by natural or social barriers	13
14847258234	Digress	To temporarily depart from the main subject in a speech or in a written text	14
14847258235	Epiphany	A moment of revelation or profound insight. In Greek mythology, this was a sudden revelation to a human being of the hidden or disguised divinity of a god or goddess.	15
14847258236	Epithet	An adjective or adjective phrase applied to a person or thing to emphasize a characteristic quality or attribute, such as "lily-livered coward" or "murmuring brook"	16
14847258237	Eulogy	A formal composition or speech in high praise of someone ( living or dead ) or something	17
14847258238	Euphemism	A mild expression substitute for one considered too harsh or improper	18
14847258239	Exigence	The part of the rhetorical situation that inspires, simulated, provokes, or prompts the writers to create the text	19
14847258240	Figurative Language	No literal language, sometimes referred to as tropes or metaphorical language, often evoking strong imagery; figures of speech	20
14847258241	Hyperbole	Deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis to produce a comics or ironic effect	21
14847258242	Imagery	A description of how something looks, feels, tastes, smells, or sounds. May use literal or figurative language to appeal to the senses	22
14847258243	Incongruity	The quality of being in harmonious or incompatible or inconsistent	23
14847258244	Irony	A figure of speech that occurs when a speaker or character says one thing and means something else(verbal), when what is said is the opposite of what is expected reacting a noticeable incongruity(situational), Incongruity with what you expect and what happens	24
14847258245	Verbal irony	Contrast between what is said and what is meant	25
14847258246	Situational irony	Refers to the contrast between what is intended or expected and what actually occurs	26
14847258247	Dramatic irony	When a character unwittingly makes a remark that the audience is intended to understand, or in contradiction to the full truth	27
14847258248	Metaphor	A figure of speech that compares two things without using like or as. An extended ( ) is sustained throughout the work and functions as a controlling image	28
14847258249	Occasion	The time and place a speech is given or a piece is written	29
14847258250	Oxymoron	A paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words	30
14847258251	Paradox	A statement or situation that is seemingly contradictory on the surface, but delivers an ironic truth Ex: modern day conveniences- microwave, computer, etc are supposed to be more efficient and save time, but they have become more problematic and wasting time more	31
14847258252	Parallelism	Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	32
14847258253	Periodic structure	A sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end	33
14847258254	Persona	Greek for "mask". The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience	34
14847258255	Refute	To deny the validity of an opposing argument	35
14847258256	Rhetoric	the art of finding ways of persuading an audience	36
14847258257	Rhetorical situation	Refers to the exigence, purpose, audience, context, and message	37
14847258258	Satire	The use of irony or sarcasm to criticize society or an individual	38
14847258259	Syntax	The arrangement of words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. This includes word order, the length and structure of sentences, and such schemes as parallelism, juxtaposition, antithesis, and antimetabole	39
14847258260	Tone	A speaker's attitude toward the subject conveyed by the speaker's stylistic and rhetorical choices	40
14847258261	Understatement	A figure of speech in which something is presented as less important, dire, urgent, good, and so on, than it actually is, often for satiric or comical effect	41
14847258262	Parody	A composition that ridicules another composition by imitating and exaggerating aspects of its content., structure, and style, accomplishing in words what caricature achieves in drawing	42