AP Government Chapter 3 Flashcards

14842302107	Federalism	A system that divides power between the national and state governments.	0
14842318657	unitary system	a system where the central government has all of the power over subnational government	1
14842331941	confederal system	a system where the subnational government have most of the powers.	2
14842337871	federal system	a system where the power is divided between the national and State governments	3
14842344763	Enumerated and Expressed Powers	power explicitly granted to the national government through the Constitution; also called expressed powers	4
14842363774	exclusive powers	powers only the national government may exercise	5
14842368450	implied powers	powers not granted specifically to the national government but considered necessary to carry out the enumerated powers	6
14842376803	Commerce Clause	grants congress the authority to regulate interstate business and commercial activity	7
14842385627	Necessary and Proper Clause	grants the federal government the authority to pass laws required to carry out its enumerated powers. Also called the elastic clause.	8
14842398524	Supremacy Clause	establishes the Constitution and the laws of the federal government passes under its authority as the highest laws of the land	9
14842411651	Tenth Amendment	reserves powers not delegated to the national government to the states and the people; the basis of federalism	10
14842419776	reserved powers	powers not given to the national government, which are retained by the states and the people	11
14842430560	concurrent powers	powers granted to both states and the federal government in the Constitution	12
14842440219	Full Faith and Credit Clause	Constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from another state.	13
14842454842	Extradition	the requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where a crime was committed	14
14842470540	Privileges and Immunities Clause	constitutional clause that prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state	15
14842481312	Thirteenth Amendment	Constitutional amendment that outlaws slavery	16
14842489023	Fourteenth Amendment	Constitutional amendment that provides that persons born in the United States are citizens and prohibits states from denying persons due process or equal protection under the law	17
14842506458	Fifteenth Amendment	constitutional amendment that gave African American males the right to vote	18
14842516879	Dual Federalism	A form of American federalism in which the states and the nation operate independently in their own areas of public policy	19
14842532771	selective incorporation	the process through which the Supreme Court applies fundamental rights in the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis	20
14842562327	Cooperative Federalism	a form of american federalism in which the states and the national government work together to shape public policy	21
14842573752	grants-in-aid	federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives	22
14842580732	Fiscal Federalism	the federal government's use of grants-in-aid to influence policies in the states	23
14842591284	categorical grants	grants-in-aid provided to states with specific provisions on their use	24
14842599663	unfunded mandate	federal requirements that states must follow without being provided with funding	25
14842615106	block grant	a type of grant-in-aid that gives state officials more authority in the disbursement of federal funds	26
14842625260	revenue sharing	when the federal government apportions tax money to the states with no strings attached	27
14842633407	Devolution	returning more authority to state or local governments	28