APES Flashcards

8554934271	Layers of atmosphere from bottom to top	Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere	0
8554934272	Trophosphere	Lowest layer of atmosphere, highest air pressure, characterized by weather and convection currents	1
8554934273	convection currents	the upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air	2
8554934274	Stratosphere	Ozone layer and temp inversion-warm air is on top of cold air	3
8554934275	Mesosphere	Cold because gases CANNOT absorb the suns radiation	4
8554934276	Thermosphere	Contains gases that CAN absorb suns radiation	5
8554934277	In the troposphere.... but in the stratosphere ...	As altitude increases, temp decreases As altitude increases temp increases	6
8554934278	Climate	Affected by temperature and precipitation	7
8554934279	angle of insolation	The light is more intense when it hits the Earth's surface at a higher angle	8
8554934280	What creates the seasons?	-tilt of the axis -revolves around sun -axis points in the same direction	9
8554934281	Angle of insolation affects	Intensity of sun and the temperature of the area	10
8554934282	Albedo	Some areas reflect the suns light better than others	11
8554934283	Changes in albedo cause	Global warming as surfaces such as asphalt are darker and therefore less reflective, and cause the Earth to heat up.	12
8554934284	urban heat island effect	cities are hotter than surrounding areas due to man made infrastructure (dark buildings, pavement etc)	13
8554934285	Property of water	Water heats up and cools down SLOWLY (coastal areas vs. inland areas) therefore less variation in coastal areas.	14
8554934286	Elevation (mountains)	The temperature decreases with altitude	15
8554934287	rain shadow effect	One side of mountain there is rainy weather (windward side) and on the other there is dry, desert like conditions (leeward side)	16
8554934288	Cold, Dry air is more ___ than Warm humid air	Dense	17
8554934289	adiabatic cooling	When air rises, it cools off due to pressure changes (molecules are able to move freely)	18
8554934290	latent heat of vaporization	The amount of energy required to change a unit mass of a substance from liquid to gas	19
8554934291	Cold dry air	High pressure	20
8554934292	Warm humid air	Low pressure	21
8554934293	wind patterns	Easterlies go to west, westerlies go to east and trade winds go to west	22
8554934294	convection cells	Polar, Ferrell, Hadley	23
8554934295	In then northern hemisphere, gyres rotate	Clockwise	24
8554934296	In the Southern Hemisphere, gyres rotate	Counterclockwise	25
8554934297	Warm water currents	Move heat from the equatorial region poleward	26
8554934298	Cold water currents	Move toward the equator	27
8554934299	Upwelling	When deep water is pulled to the surface	28
8554934300	More evaporation in salt water =	Saltier water	29
8554934301	thermohaline circulation	water circulation produced by differences in temperature and/or salinity (and therefore density)	30
8554934302	ENSO	El Nino Southern Oscillation	31
8554934303	El Niño	A warming of the ocean surface in the central and eastern tropical Pacific ocean	32
8554934304	La Niña	Cooling of the ocean surface in the central and eastern tropical Pacific ocean	33
8554934305	Jetstream	Narrow rapid moving air current flowing from west to east	34