AP Psych Review Flashcards

13904880794	Introspection	William Wundt evaluation of consciousness in a systematic way	0
13904888753	Structuralism	Edward B. Titchener descriptive science based in part: whole ratios	1
13904909706	Gestalt Psychology	adding individual elements of an experience to be left with something altogether new.	2
13904918984	Functionalism	William James how consciousness allows us to adapt and function in our environment- holistic health and wellbeing.	3
13904939328	Psychoanalysis	Sigmund Freud unconsious motives/conflicts, Id Ego and Superego.	4
13904957151	Psychosexual stages	Oral 0-1: centered in babys mouth Anal 1-3: ego has developed Phallic 3-6: genitals, aware of anatomical dif. Latency 5-puberty: no further development Genital puberty-adult: sexual experimentation	5
13905001588	Behaviorist Approach	John Watson observable and empirically measured behavior. classic conditioning- pavlov	6
13905022911	Cognitive	BF Skinner memory, problem solving, decision making, and perception.	7
13905039468	Biopsychosocial approach	George L. Engel interactions of biology, personality, and social influence.	8
13905054543	Evolutionary Approach	Darwin aspects of human thought and behavior which may increase survival in the future.	9
13905529554	Biological, neurobiologcal, and physiological	genetics, nervous system, hormones and brain structures influence thinking and behavior.	10
13905541264	sociocultural	impact of culture, ethnicity, religion, gender, income, and environment, on individuals.	11
13905562000	Humanistic	Carl Rogers humans have free will and will make the best decisions for themselves regardless of the past. Maslow's hierarchy of needs.	12
13923203857	Pupil	allows light to enter and activate rods/cones	13
13923208897	retina	contains rods and cones (visual receptors) and sends the image to the brain where most transduction occurs	14
13923224800	lens	bends (accomodates) incoming light messages onto the retina	15
13923234579	Iris	colored part of the eye which expands and contracts to allow light in	16
13923242808	cornea	transparent, curved, cover of the eye.	17
13923247985	Optic nerve	Carries messages from the eye to the brain	18
13923255944	Fovea	located at the center of the retina and contains solely cones.	19
13923267205	Rods and cones	rods- black and white cones- color	20
13923271349	ossicles	three tiny bones in the middle ear (the hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that vibrate	21
13923278985	Tympanic membrane	eardrum- divides inner and outer ear	22
13923283171	cochlea	snail shaped, holds basilar membrane and cilia.	23
13923295003	Inner ear	where transduction occurs! Holds the cochlea and vestibular system.	24
13923304175	Middle ear	holds the ossicles and transmits vibrations to the inner ear	25
13923309766	Outer ear	Pinna and auditory canal	26
13923334402	Hindbrain	Holds the medulla, cerebrum, pons	27
13923338244	Midbrain	relays information from hindbrain to forebrain specifically from the eyes and ears Two systems: the reticular formation clustered neurons holding dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine receptors.	28
13923357130	Forebrain	Limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex.	29
13923372759	Amygdala	controls fear and aggression	30
13923375806	Association areas	integrates sensory input with stored memory.	31
13923601020	basil ganglia	forms habitual behaviors most affected by Parkinsons	32
13923608804	Broca's Area	speech production	33
13923612604	Brainstem	Directs messages to the innermost part of the brain.	34
13923617438	Cerebellum	balance, voluntary movement, procedural memory, fine motor skills, posture.	35
13923629374	Cerebral cortex	covers the cerebrum with gray matter	36
13923632939	cerebrum	made up of axons, neurons and glial cells	37
13923639275	Corpus Callosum	axons connecting the two cerebral hemispheres often cut in order to reduce epilepsy	38
13923651359	frontal lobe	impulse control	39
13923847137	Hippocampus	Memory storage	40
13923851960	hypothalamus	appetite and fight response reward center of the brain	41
13923861122	Medulla	Reflexes such as sneezing, swallowing, and coughing and heartbeat/breathing	42
13923873185	Motor cortex	controls voluntary muscle movements	43
13923880357	occipital lobe	info from visual receptors	44
13923888665	Pituitary gland	endocrine system	45
13923891914	pons	sleeping and dreaming	46
13923894265	prefrontal cortex	short term and long term planning	47
13923899422	Reticular formation	sleep, levels of arousal, and attention.	48
13923912117	Temporal Lobe	ability to recognize faces and auditory functioning	49
13923916121	Thalamus	all incoming information but smell	50
13923919612	Wernicke's area	speech and language comprehension	51
13924020553	James Lang theory of emotion	physiological responses precede and create emotional responses	52
13924032163	Cannon Bard theory of emotion	Physiological response and emotion are going to occur at the same time and are rooted in the thalamus.	53
13924045263	Schachter-Singer Theory	physiological reaction and cognitive analysis must occur before an emotion is consciously experienced.	54
13924064047	opponent-process theory	An initial intense emotion is often turned cyclical and followed by the exact opposite emotion.	55
13934789888	Memory		56