AP English Language - Essential Terms. Flashcards

14475533313	Abstract	Refers to words that cannot connect to any of the five senses.	0
14475534737	Concrete	Refers to words that can connect to any of the five senses.	1
14475534738	Allusion	An expression that refers to an object or idea indirectly and inexplicitly.	2
14475534739	Ambiguity	Allows an object, idea, or word to have more than one interpretation.	3
14475536242	Analogy	The comparison of two things used to clarify or explain something; a similarity.	4
14475546557	Anastrophe	A figure of speech where the normal word order (subject-verb-object) is changed.	5
14475546558	Anecdote	A brief story or recount regarding a real-life occurrence.	6
14475546559	Analysis	The examination of a structure used to understand its context and features.	7
14475546590	Antithesis	A figure of speech used to contrast two opposite objects at the same time.	8
14475549186	Appeal	(AKA rhetorical persuasion) Is used to convince the audience in different ways.	9
14475557656	Aphorism	A short and memorable expression to remember a general principle.	10
14475558728	Audience	The person/people someone is writing or speaking for.	11
14475558729	Bias	Remains one-sided and leans towards one particular side in a closed-minded manner.	12
14475558730	Slanting	Words used to convince an audience in an emotional manner.	13
14475559571	Cacophony	Focuses on harsher sounds, mainly consonant-based.	14
14475559572	Euphony	Focuses on lovelier sounds and more sweet-sounding elements.	15
14475567499	Colloquialism	A style mainly used for everyday communication; the most common style used.	16
14475567500	Compare	To show how two or more things are similar.	17
14475567501	Contrast	To show how two or more things are different.	18
14475568280	Concession	A rhetorical strategy that takes an opposing point and uses it to change the opponent's mind.	19
14475568281	Connotation	Describes the implication a word carries that is far from what it clearly represents.	20
14475568773	Denotation	Describes the literal meaning a word carries that contrasts from its connotative meaning.	21
14475576682	Deduction	Involves reasoning going from a wider range to a more specific idea.	22
14475576683	Syllogism	Is connected to deductive reasoning and has two premises (major and minor) along with a conclusion.	23
14475576684	Dialect	Describes the language spoken by a given group.	24
14475578186	Dialogue	Describes a conversation between two or more characters in a piece of writing.	25
14475578187	Diction	An author's choice of words or vocabulary in a piece of writing or speaking.	26
14475578188	Digression	A technique where the subject of something is shifted for a brief moment.	27
14475646596	Epigraph	A phrase or something similar that is placed at the beginning of a document or other piece of writing.	28
14475646597	Equivocation	A literary strategy used to show that you actually mean the opposite of what you are saying.	29
14475647127	Ethos	A persuasive strategy that focuses on credibility.	30
14475647128	Euphemism	An expression used to replace another that may be found as offensive or unpleasant to an audience.	31
14475647129	Evaluation	Describes a set of judgments used on a piece of writing to determine if it meets specific criteria.	32
14475656536	Exigence	An issue that prompts a piece of writing to come alive.	33
14475656537	Exemplification	A symbolization technique where something is seen as having a relation to what it is referring to.	34
14475657054	Explicit	Describes when something is clearly or directly being explained, leaving no room for confusion or implication.	35
14475657055	Implicit	Describes when something is not being clearly or directly explained and there are various suggestions within the words being used.	36
14475657056	Fallacy	The misuse of reasoning; a use of invalid reasoning.	37
14475664746	Format, Organization, Sequence, Structure	The four words that describe the arrangement of ideas or details in a piece of writing.	38
14475668659	Irony	A technique where what is occurring differs from what is actually the case.	39
14475668660	Jargon	Special words that are used by a particular group that only they can understand.	40
14475668661	Juxtaposition	The technique of placing two things together that have contrasting effects.	41
14475669075	Logos	A persuasive strategy that focuses on factual information and statistics.	42
14475669076	Mood	An element of writing that sparks various emotions in the readers through whatever the writer is describing.	43
14475675213	Overstatement	When you claim something is greater than it actually is to make it more important.	44
14475675214	Understatement	When you claim something to be less important than it actually is.	45
14475675215	Oxymoron	A technique using self-contradiction to introduce another point.	46
14475675852	Paradox	A self-contradictory statement that may be proven correct when explained.	47
14475675853	Parallelism	The use of more than one phrase consecutively with the same structure.	48
14475683107	Pathos	A persuasive strategy that focuses on appealing to the emotions of the audience.	49
14475683108	Process Analysis	A paragraph technique where a writer describes how to perform an action step-by-step.	50
14475683109	Purpose	The goal of a piece of writing that a writer is trying to achieve.	51
14475683621	Qualify	To claim a statement or piece of evidence is correct.	52
14475724169	Rebut	To prove that a piece of evidence is false.	53
14475724170	Refute	To disprove a statement.	54
14475724171	Rhetoric	The ability to argue and persuade an audience.	55
14475724749	Rhetorical Device	A use of language used to affect the audience of a piece of writing.	56
14475724750	Rhetorical Modes	Describe the purposes of the major uses of communication, mainly in speaking and writing.	57
14475730122	Rhetorical Purpose	The goal to persuade an audience and change the way an audience thinks about a certain subject.	58
14475730123	Rhetorical Shift	Describes the change in tone in a piece of writing, often initiated by a transition word.	59
14475730124	Rhetorical Strategy	Is used to give the audience a reason to turn to the side being persuaded about.	60
14475730896	Rhetorical Triangle	Originated by Aristotle, is used to organize the three persuasive strategies called logos, ethos, and pathos.	61
14475730897	Rhetorical Question	Is used to make a point instead of get an answer.	62
14475738438	Sarcasm	The use of irony to mock or taunt something.	63
14475738439	Satire	The use of irony to expose, ridicule, or criticize various vices and/or follies.	64
14475738440	Slang	A type of language that comes out to be very informal and either include or exclude certain groups.	65
14475739628	Speaker, Author, Rhetor	The three terms that refer to a teacher or orator telling a story or describing a piece of writing within it.	66
14475739629	Style	Describes how an author writes.	67
14475739630	Voice	The method of expression used by a writer or the style of writing.	68
14475748258	Symbol	A literary device representing many aspects or containing a deeper meaning.	69
14475748259	Syntax	The technique of organizing words and phrases to form sentences in a given language.	70
14475748273	Thesis, Argument, Assertion	The three terms that refer to the statement someone makes when they are describing their strong belief in something.	71
14475749271	Tone	The attitude the writer possesses towards the subject being written about.	72
14475749272	Transitions	Various words and phrases that connect different ideas and help a piece of writing maintain a good flow.	73
14475756357	Active	A voice used when a subject is performing an action and expressing it through a verb representing it.	74
14475756907	Passive	A voice used when an object is being emphasized instead of a subject.	75
14475756908	Author	The creator of a piece of writing.	76
14475756909	Character	Someone or something that moves a story forward.	77
14475761562	Characterization	Highlights the details of a character overtime in a story.	78
14475814699	First Person	Refers to a piece of writing being told by a narrator speaking directly about themselves.	79
14475814700	Second Person	Refers to the audience or the people being spoken to.	80
14475814701	Third Person	Refers to anyone other than the narrator or the audience.	81
14475814702	Subjective	Describes a person's point of view, including their opinions and beliefs.	82
14475815288	Objective	Describes a point of view that focuses on using evidence.	83
14475821098	Cliche	Describes an expression, opinion, or anything similar that is overused and often predictable, displaying no originality.	84
14475821099	Hyperbole	Is used to exaggerate claims that are not meant to be interpreted in a literal sense.	85
14475821100	Idiom	An expression with a meaning that is often not connected to the actual meanings of the words involved.	86
14475821101	Imagery	Describes something in a way that is able to be visualized in one's imagination.	87
14475822031	Metaphor	Allows one thing to represent or be portrayed as another thing.	88
14475832555	Metonymy	Refers to something as another thing that is somehow associated with it.	89
14475832556	Synecdoche	Refers to one part of something as the whole, or the whole of something as that one part.	90
14475833694	Onomatopoeia	Forms a word based on any sound that is made.	91
14475833695	Personification	Grants human characteristics to an inhuman object.	92
14475833696	Simile	Shows that one thing is similar to another thing using words such as "like" or "as" in comparison.	93