AP English Language & Composition Flashcards

14535920842	abash	to make ashamed; to embarrass	0
14535920843	abate	(v.) to make less in amount, degree, etc.; to subside, become less; to nullify; to deduct, omit	1
14535920844	abominable	Horrible or unpleasant	2
14553993962	abridge	to make shorter	3
14553993963	abstain	to choose not to do something	4
14553993964	abut	(v.) to join at one end or be next to; to support, prop up	5
14553993965	accentuate	to emphasize	6
14553993966	accost	to approach and speak to first; to confront in a challenging or aggressive way	7
14553993967	acquiesce	(v.) to accept without protest; to agree or submit	8
14553993968	acquisition	In classical conditioning, the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. In operant conditioning, the strengthening of a reinforced response.	9
14553993969	adamant	unyielding; firm in opinion	10
14553993970	affable	friendly	11
14553993971	affinity	an attraction to	12
14553993972	affluent	wealthy	13
14553993973	Allegory	a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.	14
14553993974	alleviate	to relieve	15
14553993975	allure	(v.) to entice, tempt; to be attractive to; (n.) a strong attraction; the power to attract, charm	16
14553993976	altercation	an angry argument	17
14553993977	ambiguous	open to more than one interpretation	18
14553993978	ambivalent	Having mixed feelings	19
14553993979	anagram	a word or phrase formed from another word or phrase by changing the order of the letters	20
14553993980	anecdote	a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person	21
14553993981	antagonize	to annoy or provoke to anger	22
14553993982	appraisal	an evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus	23
14553993983	apprise	to inform	24
14553993984	arable	suitable for growing crops	25
14553993985	arbitrary	(adj.) unreasonable; based on one's wishes or whims without regard for reason or fairness	26
14553993986	archives	public records; place where public records are kept	27
14553993987	arduous	hard to do, requiring much effort	28
14553993988	array	A large group of people or things	29
14553993989	askew	twisted to one side, crooked; disapprovingly	30
14553993990	assail	attack	31
14553993991	assay	to test, analyze	32
14553993992	assertion	a declaration or statement	33
14553993993	attrition	a wearing down over time	34
14553993994	audacious	(adj.) bold, adventurous, recklessly daring	35
14553993995	augment	to make larger, increase	36
14553993996	auspicious	favorable	37
14553993997	austere	(adj.) severe or stern in manner; without adornment or luxury, simple, plain; harsh or sour in flavor	38
14553993998	autocrat	dictator	39
14553993999	baleful	harmful	40
14553994000	bandy	to exchange words; to discuss casually	41
14553994001	banter	teasing; playful conversation	42
14553994002	beleaguer	to besiege by encircling (as with an army); to harass	43
14553994003	beneficent	(adj.) performing acts of kindness or charity; conferring benefits, doing good	44
14553994004	bestow	to give as a gift	45
14553994005	betrothed	engaged to be married	46
14553994006	bilateral	both sides	47
14553994007	blithe	cheerful, lighthearted; casual, unconcerned	48
14553994008	bolster	to support	49
14553994009	brevity	shortness	50
14553994010	browbeat	to intimidate by a stern or overbearing manner; to bully	51
14553994011	brunt	(n.) the main impact, force, or burden	52
14553994012	brusque	(adj.) abrupt, blunt, with no formalities	53
14553994013	bulwark	a defensive wall	54
14553994014	bumptious	self-assertive	55
14553994015	Bureaucracy	A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials	56
14553994016	camaraderie	trust among friends	57
14553994017	Catharsis	a release of emotional tension	58
14553994018	cede	to go	59
14553994019	chagrin	embarrassment; a complete loss of courage	60
14553994020	cite	quote	61
14553994021	climactic	arranged in order of increasing force and interest	62
14553994022	coalition	a combination, union, or merger for some specific purpose	63
14553994023	coherent	(adj.) holding or sticking together; making a logical whole; comprehensible, meaningful	64
14553994024	comely	having a pleasing appearance	65
14553994025	comprehensive	thorough	66
14553994026	concerted	planned or performed in cooperation with others	67
14553994027	congenital	existing at birth	68
14553994028	conjecture	to guess	69
14553994029	Connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.	70
14553994030	consensus	general agreement	71
14553994031	consonant	harmonious agreement	72
14553994032	contraband	(n.) illegal traffic, smuggled goods; (adj.) illegal, prohibited	73
14553994033	contrition	deep regret for doing something wrong	74
14553994034	convivial	festive, sociable, having fun together, genial	75
14553994035	correlate	have a mutual relationship or connection	76
14553994036	credence	belief, mental acceptance	77
14553994037	debacle	a complete failure; a total collapse	78
14553994038	debonair	(adj.) pleasant, courteous, lighthearted; smooth and polished in manner and appearance	79
14553994039	decadence	(n.) decline, decay, or deterioration; a condition or period of decline or decay; excessive self-indulgence	80
14553994040	deference	to respect	81
14553994041	defile	to pollute; to corrupt	82
14553994042	degenerate	to break down; to deteriorate	83
14553994043	deign	to lower oneself before an inferior	84
14553994044	deluge	flood	85
14553994045	demeanor	behavior	86
14553994046	deprecate	to express disapproval of	87
14553994047	derogatory	showing a critical or disrespectful attitude	88
14553994048	despicable	(adj.) worthy of scorn, contemptible	89
14553994049	dissipate	(v.) to cause to disappear; to scatter, dispel; to spend foolishly, squander; to be extravagant in pursuit of pleasure	90
14553994050	dissolute	loose in one's morals or behavior	91
14553994051	diverge	to vary; go in different directions from the same point	92
14553994052	effete	worn out; barren	93
14553994053	efficacious	effective, producing results	94
14553994054	elation	Excited feelings of pride, triumph, or happiness	95
14553994055	embellish	to decorate	96
14553994056	emendation	a correction	97
14553994057	encroach	(v.) to advance beyond the usual or proper limits, trespass	98
14553994058	enormity	(n.) the quality of exceeding all moral bounds; an exceedingly evil act; huge size, immensity	99
14553994059	enthrall	(v.) to captivate, charm, hold spellbound; to enslave; to imprison	100
14553994060	entity	anything having existence, either physical or mystical	101
14553994061	entomology	study of insects	102
14553994075	entourage	group of attendants	103
14553994076	epicure	someone who appreciates good food and drink	104
14553994077	epilouge	a concluding section of a book or play, usually adressed to an audience	105
14553994078	Epithet	an adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.	106
14553994079	equestrian	having to do with horseback riding	107
14553994080	erroneous	(adj.) incorrect, containing mistakes	108
14553994081	evasive	deliberately vague or ambiguous	109
14553994082	evoke	to summon forth	110
14553994083	exhaustive	thorough	111
14553994084	Exodus	a large-scale departure or flight	112
14553994085	exonerate	to free from blame	113
14553994086	expedite	to make easy, cause to progress faster	114
14553994087	expletive	an interjection to lend emphasis; sometimes, a profanity	115
14553994088	extemporaneous	made or delivered on the spur of the moment	116
14553994089	faction	A group with a distinct political interest	117
14553994090	factious	causing disagreement	118
14553994091	fallible	capable of error	119
14553994092	fastidious	Difficult to please	120
14553994093	felictious	(adj.) appropriate, apt, well chosen; marked by well-being or good fortune, happy	121
14553994094	Felony	A serious crime	122
14553994095	ferocity	savagery	123
14553994096	fidelity	faithfulness	124
14553994097	filial	of, relating to, or befitting a son or daughter	125
14553994098	finality	the quality or condition of being complete or settled; conclusiveness	126
14553994099	Fiord	a long, narrow inlet of the sea, with steep cliffs rising alongside	127
14553994100	flail	to strike out or swing wildly; to thrash about	128
14553994101	flaunt	to show off	129
14553994102	flay	to whip; to remove skin	130
14553994103	foreshadow	A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.	131
14553994104	forgo	(v.) to do without, abstain from, give up	132
14553994105	forte	loud	133
14553994106	frustrate	to prevent from accomplishing a purpose or fulfilling a desire; to cause feelings of discouragement	134
14553994107	fulminate	to loudly attack or denounce	135
14553994108	furor	an uproar; a state of great anger or excitement	136
14553994109	furtive	secretive	137
14553994110	garrulous	talkative	138
14553994111	gibe	to utter taunting words; an expression of scorn	139
14553994112	gird	to prepare for an event or an action	140
14553994113	goad	(v.) to drive or urge on; (n.) something used to drive or urge on	141
14553994114	gradation	process occurring by regular degrees or stages; variation in color	142
14553994115	grandoise	impressive; showy; magnificent	143
14553994116	guise	an external appearance, cover, mask	144
14553994117	haggard	(adj.) thin, pale, and careworn as a result of worry or suffering; wild-looking	145
14553994118	heinous	(adj.) very wicked, offensive, hateful	146
14553994119	hypercritical	overcritical	147
14553994120	hypochondriac	a person obsessed with health; having imaginary illnesses	148
14553994121	idiomatic	characteristic of a particular language	149
14553994122	idyll	a lyric poem or passage that describes a kind of ideal life or place	150
14553994123	imbibe	to drink	151
14553994124	immemorial	reaching back beyond the bounds of memory; extremely old	152
14553994125	imperious	(adj.) overbearing, arrogant; seeking to dominate; pressing, compelling	153
14553994126	impetuous	impulsive	154
14553994127	impromptu	without preparation	155
14553994128	impunity	freedom from punishment	156
14553994129	inane	(adj.) silly, empty of meaning or value	157
14553994130	incise	cut into	158
14553994131	incoherent	not able to be understood; nonsensical	159
14553994132	incongruous	out of place	160
14553994133	incredulous	disbelieving, skeptical	161
14553994134	indigenous	native	162
14553994135	indolence	laziness	163
14553994136	inexplicable	hard to explain or impossible to understand	164
14553994137	infer	to find out by reasoning; to arrive at a conclusion on the basis of thought; to hint, suggest, imply	165
14553994138	ingratiate	(v.) to make oneself agreeable and thus gain favor or acceptance by others (sometimes used in a critical or derogatory sense)	166
14553994139	inherent	Existing as a natural part	167
14553994140	innocuous	harmless	168
14553994141	insatiable	so great or demanding as not to be satisfied	169
14553994142	insidious	intended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous	170
14553994143	insular	(adj.) relating to, characteristic of, or situated on an island; narrow or isolated in outlook or experience	171
14553994144	intangible	not material	172
14553994145	integral	essential	173
14553994146	interminable	endless	174
14553994147	interpose	to step in between parties at variance; mediate	175
14553994148	intrepid	fearless	176
14553994149	Intricary	condition or state of being complex, involved, or detailed; elaborateness	177
14553994150	intrinsic	(adj.) belonging to someone or something by its very nature, essential, inherent; originating in a bodily organ or part	178
14553994151	introspective	contemplating one's own thoughts and feelings	179
14553994152	inure	(v.) to toughen, harden; to render used to something by long subjection or exposure	180
14553994153	invidious	offensive, hateful; tending to cause bitterness and resentment	181
14553994154	invoke	to call on for support	182
14553994155	irascible	easily angered	183
14553994156	laudable	worthy of praise	184
14553994157	lucid	easy to understand, clear; rational, sane	185
14553994158	lucrative	bringing in money; profitable	186
14554030754	malevolent	spiteful, showing ill will	187
14554030755	Martyr	A person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs	188
14554030756	mercenary	a professional soldier hired by a foreign army	189
14554030757	microcosm	a miniature world or universe; a group or system viewed as the model of a larger group or system	190
14554030758	misanthrope	(n.) a person who hates or despises people	191
14554030759	miscreant	evil unbeliever	192
14554030760	noncommittal	not decisive or definite; unwilling to take a clear position or to say yes or no	193
14554030761	nostalgic	longing for the past	194
14554030762	novice	beginner	195
14554030763	nurture	(v.) to bring up, care for, train, nourish; (n.) rearing, training, upbringing	196
14554030764	omnivorous	eating every kind of food; eagerly taking in everything, having a wide variety of tastes	197
14554030765	oracular	prophetic; uttered as if with divine authority; mysterious or ambiguous	198
14554030766	orient	to locate	199
14554030767	oscillate	(v.) to swing back and forth with a steady rhythm; to fluctuate or waver	200
14554030768	ostentatious	showy	201
14554030769	palliate	to make less serious; ease	202
14554030770	panacea	a remedy for all ills; cure-all; an answer to all problems	203
14554030771	peripheral	on the edge, not important	204
14554030772	permeate	(v.) to spread through, penetrate, soak through	205
14554030773	pernicious	(adj.) extremely harmful; deadly, fatal	206
14554030774	perpetuate	to make permanent or long lasting	207
14554030775	Phalanx	A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields	208
14554030776	platitude	a commonplace, stale, or trite remark	209
14554030777	plebeian	(adj.) common, vulgar; belonging to the lower class; (n.) a common person, member of the lower class	210
14554030778	politic	(adj.) prudent, shrewdly conceived and developed; artful, expedient	211
14554030779	populace	common people	212
14554030780	precipitate	A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction.	213
14554030781	predecessor	one who came before	214
14554030782	preemptory	to take the place of; displace, to have precedence or predominance over	215
14554030783	premeditated	considered beforehand, deliberately planned	216
14554030784	preseumptuous	failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or inappropriate	217
14554575893	pretentious	pompous, self-important	218
14554575894	proboscis	nose	219
14554575895	procrastinate	(v.) to delay, put off until later	220
14554575896	prodigy	A person with great talent; a young genius	221
14554575897	proficient	skilled, expert, or capable in any field or activity	222
14554575898	proletarian	member of the working class	223
14554575899	Prologue	A speech, passage, or event coming before the main speech or event	224
14554575900	propagate	reproduce	225
14554575901	protagainst	Main character in a story	226
14554575902	prototype	a mental image or best example of a category	227
14554575903	protract	to prolong	228
14554575904	provocation	causing aggravation or annoyance	229
14554575905	provocative	(adj.) tending to produce a strong feeling or response; arousing desire or appetite; irritating, annoying	230
14554575906	proxy	(n.) an agent, substitute; a written permission allowing one person to act in another's place	231
14554575907	purpot	(v.) - to present an intention that is often FALSE	232
14554575908	query	question	233
14554575909	quixotic	overly idealistic; impractical	234
14554575910	rapacious	greedy	235
14554575911	rationalize	to make an excuse for	236
14554575912	recalcitrant	stubbornly disobedient, resisting authority	237
14554575913	reciprocate	to give in return	238
14554575914	recrimination	an accusation in response to one from someone else	239
14554575915	redress	to set right, remedy; relief from wrong or injury	240
14554575916	reiterate	to say again, repeat	241
14554575917	relent	to become less severe; to give in	242
14554575918	remission	improvement or absence of signs of disease	243
14554575919	repartee	a quick, witty reply	244
14554575920	Repression	in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories	245
14554575921	repugnant	(adj.) offensive, disagreeable, distasteful	246
14554575922	resilient	(adj.) able to return to an original shape or form; able to recover quickly	247
14554575923	rhetorical	relating to speech that is used to persuade or have some effect; insincere in expression	248
14554575924	rigorous	strict; harsh; severe	249
14554575925	rudiment	a basic idea or principle	250
14554575926	sallow	yellowish	251
14554575927	sanction	authorize	252
14554575928	satitate	to satisfy completely	253
14554575929	scapegoat	(n.) a person or thing carrying the blame for others	254
14554575930	scrutinize	to examine closely	255
14554575931	Secular	Non-religious	256
14554575932	shibboleth	(n.) a word, expression, or custom that distinguishes a particular group of persons from all others; a commonplace saying or truism	257
14554575933	shrew	a mean, nagging woman	258
14554575934	sluice	to drain	259
14554575935	Solstice	Time when the Sun is farthest from the equator.	260
14554575936	somnolent	sleepy	261
14554575937	sortie	a sudden attack by troops from a defensive position; a single mission of a lone airplane against an enemy	262
14554575938	staunch	Firm and steadfast	263
14554575939	stereotype	A generalized belief about a group of people	264
14554575940	stigma	mark of disgrace	265
14554575941	stint	(v.) to limit, be sparing or frugal; (n.) a limit or restriction; a fixed share of work or duty; a period of activity	266
14554575942	stipend	fixed salary	267
14554575943	stoic	A person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining.	268
14554575944	subservient	(adj.) subordinate in capacity or role; submissively obedient; serving to promote some end	269
14554575945	subside	wear off or die down	270
14554575946	subterfuge	an excuse or trick for escaping or hiding something	271
14554575947	supercilious	proud and contemptuous; showing scorn because of a feeling of superiority	272
14554575948	supplication	the action of asking or begging for something earnestly or humbly	273
14554575949	surmise	to guess	274
14554575950	symposium	conference	275
14554575951	synchronize	to cause to happen at the same time	276
14554575952	syndicate	a gathering of people with a common interest	277
14554575953	taint	(n.) a stain or spot; a mark of corruption or dishonor; (v.) to stain or contaminate	278
14554575954	tawdry	(adj.) showy and flashy but lacking in good taste	279
14554575955	tenacity	persistence	280
14554575956	tepid	lukewarm; unenthusiastic, marked by an absence of interest	281
14554575957	terse	brief and to the point	282
14554575958	thwart	(v.) to oppose successfully; to prevent, frustrate	283
14554575959	transient	(adj.) lasting only a short time, fleeting; (n.) one who stays only a short time	284
14554575960	ulterior	lying beyond what is evident, revealed, or claimed	285
14554575961	undermine	to weaken	286
14554575962	unremitting	(adj.) not stopping, maintained steadily, never letting up, relentless	287
14554575963	usurp	to seize and hold a position by force or without right	288
14554575964	vanquish	to defeat	289
14554575965	vegetate	lead a dull, inactive, useless life	290
14554575966	verbose	wordy	291
14554575967	Vernacular	Everyday language of ordinary people	292
14554575968	vilify	slander	293
14554575969	vivacious	lively	294
14554575970	vogue	prevailing fashion or practice	295
14554575971	waive	(v.) to do without, give up voluntarily; to put off temporarily, defer	296
14554575972	wily	(adj.) sly, shrewd, cunning	297
14554575973	wistful	having or showing a feeling of vague or regretful longing	298
14554575974	wrest	to take by force	299