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12582585307European Racism*Definition:* Sense of European supremacy that was sparked by earlier movements of Social Darwinism. *Significance:* Europeans used this belief that they were better to take advantage of non-white peoples.0
12582585308Scramble for Africa*Definition:* Sudden wave of conquests of Africa by European Powers (the 1880s - 1890s). *Significance:* Split resources between Europeans while also splitting Africans and later creating states and conflicts.1
12582585309Indian Rebellion*Definition:* Indian mutiny sparked by cultural conflicts between British and highly contrasting Indian Hindus. *Significance:* Sepoy Mutiny angered British causing a direct and oppressive rule to be cast over India.2
12582585310Congo Free State/Leopold II*Definition:* Leopold II King of Belgium (1865 - 1909) the private owner of Congo Free State. *Significance:* A period known as the worst abuse of Europe's 2nd wave of colonization. Europeans forced natives to harvest wild rubber.3
12582585311Cultivation System*Definition:* System of forced labor used in Netherlands East Indies (19th-century). *Significance:* 20% ot the products from lowly farmers were sold to the government officals so they could heavily mark-up prices for optional profit (caused conflict).4
12582585312Cash-Crop Agriculture*Definition:* Agricultural production (large-scale) for sale in markets rather than consumption by farmers. *Significance:* Caused famines, conflicts, environmental issues. It benefited Europeans not colonies.5
12582585313Western-educated Elites*Definition:* Main beneficiaries of African/Asian lands colonized by Western powers. *Significance:* Educated people led anticolonial movements as they grew discouraged in their inability to win equal status.6
12582585314Wanjiku*Definition:* Lives were heavily affected by encroaching European powers evidenced by church service and her wedding ring. *Significance:* Women who survived Mau Mau Rebellion and saw Kenya become Independent shows their strength.7
12582585315Africanization of Christianity*Definition:* Process that occurred in non-Muslim Africa where millions converted to Christianity. *Significance:* Maintaining older traditions with new Christian ideas making almost a new "religion".8
12582585316Swami Vivekananda*Definition:* Leading religious figure of 19th-century India. *Significance:* Advocate of a revived Hinduism and its mission to reach out to spiritually impoverished West.9
12582585317Edward Blyden*Definition:* Prominent West African scholar and political leader (1832 - 1912). *Significance:* He argued for each civilization (including Africa) that they had their own unique contribution to make to the world.10
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