Ap language Flashcards

11018738117	fact	a statement that can be proven	0
11018741997	opinion	A personal view, attitude, or appraisal.	1
11018741998	Ethos	credibility	2
11018751216	Logos	Appeal to logic	3
11018751218	Pathos	Appeal to emotion	4
11018754908	warrant	Evidence preceding the claim	5
11018765646	claim	the writer's position on an issue or problem	6
11018772533	inductive reasoning	A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations.	7
11018777191	inductive leap	Reaching a reasonable conclusion from a small amount of information	8
11018797435	deductive reasoning	reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)	9
11018804316	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	10
11018808244	ethymeme	a partial syllogism based on the probable with a missing premise	11
11018812190	nonsequitur	a statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before	12
11018815886	ad hominem	a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute	13
11018822334	appeal to tradition	a fallacy which assumes that something old is automatically better than something new	14
11018826218	Bandwagon	A fallacy which assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.	15
11018836737	begging the question	A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt.	16
11018842276	Equivocation	the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication	17
11018852683	False Analogy	When two cases are not sufficiently parallel to lead readers to accept a claim of connection between them.	18
11018852685	False Authority	A fallacy that offers the speaker/writer's authority as the sole reason for believing a claim	19
11018860903	False Cause	a fallacy in which a speaker mistakenly assumes that because one event follows another, the first event is the cause of the second	20
11018864794	False Dilemma	A fallacy of oversimplification that offers a limited number of options (usually two) when in fact more options are available.	21
11018864795	Guilt by Association	calls someone's character into question by examining the character of that person's associates	22
11018872817	Hasty Generalization	A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence.	23
11018879384	Oversimplification	When a writer obscures or denies the complexity of the issues in an argument	24
11018882823	Red Herring	A fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion	25
11018882824	Slippery Slope	A fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented	26
11018888679	Strawman	Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack	27