AP World History Chapter 19 Flashcards

12622688081	Bosporus Strait	The only waterway linking the Aegean Sea with the Black Sea controlled by Istanbul	0
12622692501	Strait of Hormuz	A vital waterway between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman	1
12622692502	Ghazi ideal	a model for warrior life that blended the cooperative values of nomadic culture with the willingness to serve as a holy fighter for Islam	2
12622696451	Suleimani Mosque	Built by Suleiman and is a beautiful architectural site	3
12622696452	Coffeehouses	Cultural events or establishments where business deals were signed	4
12622698846	ulama	Scholars and experts in Islamic law	5
12622698847	Shariah law	Islamic law	6
12622700838	harem	"sacred place"; the private domain of an Ottoman sultan, where he and his wives resided	7
12622706164	miniature paintings	Paintings that were produced in workshops started by Mehmed II	8
12622706165	sikhism	Developed from Hinduism and may have been influenced by the Islamic mystic system Sufism	9
12622708976	sati	The Indian custom of a widow voluntarily throwing herself on the funeral pyre of her husband.	10
12622712088	Din-i-Ilahi	religion initiated by Akbar that blended elements of Islam and Hinduism; did not survive his death.	11
12622712089	Taj Mahal	A beautiful tomb built by the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan to honor his wife.	12
12622714898	gunpowder empires	large multiethnic states in Southwest, Central, and South Asia that relied on firearms to conquer and control their territories	13
12622714899	tamerlane	"Timur the Lame", a mongol-turkic ruler who set the stage for the rise of the Turkic empires.	14
12622717216	samarkand	an influential captial city, a wealthy trading center known for decorated mosques and tombs. (in modern day Uzbekistan)	15
12622717217	ottoman empire	The largest and most powerful Islamic empires; lasted for 600 years	16
12622720665	Mehmed II "The Conqueror"	Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire.	17
12622723279	Topkapi Palace	A royal residence of the sultans	18
12622726949	suleiman I	The Ottoman empire reached its peaked under this sultan	19
12622727011	Vienna	Capital of Austria	20
12622731264	Rhodes	Captured by Suleiman's navy in the eastern Mediterranean.	21
12622731265	Viziers	Strong advisers who came to occupy influential positions in government	22
12622735196	Battle of Lepanto	Spaniards and Venetians defeated the Ottomans	23
12622735197	Safavids	Located in Persia on the Arabia sea with no navy or natural barriers	24
12622737387	Ismail	A great Safavid ruler who, at the age of 14, conquered much of the territory that became the Safavid Empire (Persia). He was a religious tyrant who made Shi'ia the state religion.	25
12622737388	Shah	Persian word for king	26
12622740091	Shah Abbas I "Abbas the Great"	ruled 1587-1629; he ruled the Safavid Empire at its height; was a military oriented ruler	27
12622743850	Isfahan	Capital of the Safavid Empire.	28
12622743851	Akbar	The greatest of the Mughal Emperors; defeated Hindu armies; established an effiecient gov't system	29
12622748621	Babur	Descendant of Tamerlane who founded the Mughal empire	30
12622748622	Delhi	Capital of the Mugal empire	31
12622751182	Shah Jahan	Mughal ruler who built Taj Mahal	32
12622751183	Aurangzeb	son and successor of Shah Jahan; he banned music; unable to stop peasant revolts	33
12622754758	middlemen	handled goods in both directions and received profit	34
12622754759	trade agreements	signed commerce negotiations	35
12622757679	barbary pirates	Captured European slaves in the Mediterranean then sold them to sultans or other high ranking officials	36
12622757680	grand bazaar	a center of shops and trading in Istanbul	37
12622760625	devshirme	Christian boys were recruited by force to serve the Ottoman government (generally taken from the Balkan provinces, converted to Islam, and then passed through a series of examinations to determine their intelligence and capabilities).	38
12622760626	janissaries	formed elite forces in the Ottoman army	39
12622762874	impressed	forced into service	40
12622762875	zamindars	paid government officials in charge of specific duties, such as taxation, construction, and water supply	41
12622765326	castes	social groups into which people are born and cannot change in India	42