AP World History Chapter 14 Flashcards
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| 14641357195 | Muhammad | Founder of Islam | 0 | |
| 14641357196 | Mecca | the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace | 1 | |
| 14641357197 | Medina | Muhammad fled to here from Mecca after persecution (the Hijra) Preached his message | 2 | |
| 14641357198 | Quran | Holy book of Islam written teachings of Muhammad from Mecca and Medina | 3 | |
| 14641357199 | Hijra | Muhammad's move to Medina. Start of the Islamic calendar (632 CE) | 4 | |
| 14641357200 | 5 Pillars of Islam | 1. belief in Allah and Muhammad his prophet 2. Pray to Allah daily and face Mecca 3. observe a fast during daylight hours of Ramadan 4. Give alms for relief for weak and poor 5. Undertake the hajj and one pilgrimage to Mecca to honor Muhammads visits to Mecca | 5 | |
| 14641357201 | Hajj | Pilgrimage to Mecca | 6 | |
| 14641357202 | Jihad | "struggle" struggle against ignorance by spreading and converts spiritual and moral obligations; combat vice and evil | 7 | |
| 14641357203 | Umma | community of all Muslims -legal and social code -provided relief for widows, orphans, poor -muhammad led the community in prayer and battle | 8 | |
| 14641357204 | Sharia | Islamic law -detailed guidance on proper behavior in every aspect of life | 9 | |
| 14641357205 | Shia v. Sunni Muslims | Dispute over caliph Shia: Ali, leaders are infallible/supreme Sunni: Abu Bakr, traditionalist | 10 | |
| 14641357206 | Umayyad Dynasty | capitol: Damascus -centralized rule; Arab military aristocracy -conquered to expand -taxed non Muslim conquered people | 11 | |
| 14641357207 | Jizya | tax on non-Muslims in Umayyad empire | 12 | |
| 14641357208 | Abbasid Dynasty | capitol: Baghdad -cosmopolitan: multicultural -allowed Arabs and others to participate in government -not a conquering dynasty, focused on governing/bureaucracy | 13 | |
| 14641357209 | Baghdad | capitol of Abbasid Dynasty huge center of learning, new ideas, government House of Wisdom | 14 | |
| 14641357210 | Sufi Missionaries | most effective missionaries -didn't enforce strict guildlines of the doctrine -tolerated pre-Islamic values -encouraged individuals to explore Allah in their own way -focused on emotional aspect and mystic relationship -helped the poor | 15 | |
| 14641357211 | Dar al-Islam | an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule | 16 | |
| 14641357212 | Al-Andalus | Islamic Spain | 17 | |
| 14641357213 | Salijuq Turks | Conquered Baghdad and gained control of the Abbasid Empire | 18 | |
| 14641357214 | How did the growth of Islam contribute to agriculture, industrial, and urban development? | New crops products, techniques -cotton used for industry -paper: spread Quran, record keeping(cheap/efficient), jobs Increased food productions, growth of cities, specialization of labor | 19 | |
| 14641357215 | What are the continuities and changes in regards to the status of women in early Islamic society? | -Muhammad originally preached that women should have more rights -When more cultures were incorporated after being conquered, male dominance and patriarchal traditions were reinforced -veiling of women: adopted from Byzantine and Sassind empires, incorporated into sharia law, to protect lineage of women | 20 | |
| 14641357216 | Persia Influence in Islam | -administrative techniques -literary works | 21 | |
| 14641357217 | India influence in Islam | -mathematics, science, medicine -astronomy: navigational ability leads to trade -numerals | 22 | |
| 14641357218 | Greek Influence in Islam | Philosophy and logic incorporated into Islam culture -Aristotle | 23 | |
| 14641357219 | Why did Islam spread so quickly? | -Sufi missionaries -invested in education: madrasas, schools integrated Islam, used Quran to learn how to read | 24 |