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Ap world history chapter 7 Flashcards

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10520136029MedesIndo-European branch that settled in northern Persia and eventually fell to another branch, the Persians, in the sixth century.0
10520136030PersiansEthnic group that settled in what is now Iran. They were rivals for control of Mesopotamia with the Greeks, and later the Arabs.1
10520136031CyrusFounder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. Revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples.2
10520136032Achaemenid EmpireFirst great Persian empire (558-330 B.C.E.), which began under Cyrus and reached its peak under Darius.3
10520136033DariusPersian king who put satraps in place and built the Royal Road4
10520136034SatrapiesPersian provinces5
10520136035SatrapA governor of a province in ancient Persia6
10520136036Royal RoadA road in the Persian Empire, stretching over 1,600 miles from Susa in Persia to Sardis in Anatolia.7
10520136037Xerxes(c. 519-465 BC) King of Persia; his armies invaded Greece but were eventually defeated by the Greeks.8
10520136038Persian WarsA series of wars between the Greeks (mainly Athens) and the Persians in which the Greeks were usually victorious.9
10520136039Alexander of Macedondefinition: also known as Alexander the Great, by 331 BCE, controlled Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia; invaded Persian homeland and burned Persepolis; crossed the Indus by 327 significance: Created Bactria which influenced India, helped diffuse Greek ideas10
10520136040SeleucidsPersian empire (323-83 B.C.E.) founded by Seleucus after the death of Alexander the Great.11
10520136041ParthiansPersian dynasty (247 BCE-224 CE) that reached its peak under Mithradates I12
10520136042SassanidsPersian dynasty successed the Parthians as the last pre-Islamic dynasty in Persia13
10520136043bureaucratgovernment official14
10520136044Qanatunderground canal used in water systems of ancient Persians15
10520136045ZarathustraPersian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism (circa 628-551 BC)16
10520136046Ahura MazdaIn Zoroastrianism, the good god who rules the world.17
10520136047Magiwise men18
10520136048GathasHymns or poems written by Zarathustra; considered to be the most authoritative expressions of the Zoroastrian religion.19
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