AP LANGUAGE 3 TERMS Flashcards

12055189169	Allegory	A literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions	0
12055246801	Alliteration	Repetition of initial consonant sounds	1
12055257589	Allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event	2
12055257591	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	3
12055262188	Analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	4
12055267257	antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	5
12055278541	Antithesis	the direct opposite, a sharp contrast	6
12055288546	Aphorism	A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle.	7
12055300837	Apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.	8
12055304941	atmosphere	the emotional nod created by the entirety of a literary work, established in part by the setting and authors choice of objects	9
12055337573	caricature	a picture, description, or imitation of a person or thing in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or distorted effect.	10
12055353053	clause	A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.	11
12055357497	independent clause	expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. Has both a subject and a verb.	12
12055362991	dependent clause	does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence	13
12055376626	colloquial	characteristic of informal spoken language or conversation; use of slang in speech or writing	14
12055387441	Conceit	A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects.	15
12055394992	Connotation	the implied or associative meaning of a word	16
12055421101	Denotation	The dictionary definition of a word	17
12055427439	Diction	the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.	18
12055427440	didactic	intended to instruct	19
12055434329	Euphemism	An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant	20
12055441203	extended metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.	21
12055445897	figurative language	Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.	22
12055456809	figure of speech	a device used to produce figurative language	23
12055462708	generic conventions	This term describes traditions for each genre. These conventions help to define each genre; for example, they differentiate an essay and journalistic writing or an autobiography and political writing. On the AP language exam, try to distinguish the unique features of a writer's work from those dictated by convention.	24
12055467393	Genre	A category or type of literature (or of art, music, etc.) characterized by a particular form, style, or content.	25
12055474112	homily	This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	26
12055479060	Hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.	27
12055485467	Imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	28
12055495423	Inference	A conclusion one can draw from the presented details.	29
12055501625	invective	An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	30
12055527665	Irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.	31
12055533502	verbal irony	A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant	32
12055537648	situational irony	An outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected	33
12055544709	dramatic irony	when a reader is aware of something that a character isn't	34
12055549443	Litotes	A form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite	35
12055554909	loose sentence	A type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses	36
12055571204	Metaphor	a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.	37
12055578056	Metonymy	substituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it	38
12055587032	Mood	Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader	39
12055592190	Narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	40
12055597339	Onomatopoeia	the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named	41
12055602065	Oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction	42
12055615150	Conjunction	a word that joins two phrases or sentences	43
12055621586	contradictory	Expressing the opposite; inconsistent	44
12055631068	Paradox	a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true	45
12055638329	Parallelism	Phrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other	46
12055651707	Anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	47
12055660759	Parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	48
12055677185	pedantic	An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.	49
12055682937	periodic sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.	50
12055695804	Personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	51
12055695805	point of view	the perspective from which a story is told	52
12055700063	first person point of view	a character in the story is actually telling the story himself/herself;uses "I"	53
12055708080	third person omniscient	the narrator knows all of the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in a work	54
12055715399	third person limited	the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character	55
12055726039	Prose	written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure; fiction and nonfiction	56
12055738270	Repetition	Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis	57
12055742426	Rhetoric	the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.	58
12056938818	rhetorical modes	describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing	59
12056951728	Exposition	A narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances.	60
12056956983	Argumentation	writing that attempts to prove the validity of a point of view or an idea by presenting reasoned arguments; persuasive writing is a form of argumentation	61
12056956984	description	a spoken or written representation or account of a person, object, or event	62
12056963874	Narration	the telling of a story in fiction, nonfiction, poetry, or drama; one of the four modes of discourse	63
12056968272	Sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt	64
12056973413	Satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.	65
12056983372	Semantics	The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.	66
12057056852	Style	the choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work	67
12057085831	subject complement	the word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it	68
12057122038	predicate nominative	a noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that renames the subject	69
12057129016	predicate adjective	an adjective that follows a linking verb and modifies the subject of the sentence	70
12057136476	subordinate clause	a clause, typically introduced by a conjunction, that forms part of and is dependent on a main clause	71
12057142587	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	72
12057152287	Symbol	A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.	73
12057152288	natural symbols	objects and occurrences from nature to symbolize ideas commonly associated with them	74
12057164010	conventional symbol	something that is recognized by many people to represent certain ideas	75
12057168821	literary symbol	an object that carries symbolic meaning only within the context of a particular literary work	76
12057173873	Synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	77
12057214140	Synesthesia	describing one kind of sensation in terms of another	78
12057226634	Syntax	The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.	79
12057243866	Theme	the subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic.	80
12057248116	Thesis	a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.	81
12057255547	Tone	A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.	82
12057263913	transition	a word or phrase that links different ideas	83
12057268883	Understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.	84
12057284297	wit	intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights	85