AP Language Vocab #1 Flashcards

14823301719	Audience	The listener, viewer, or reader of a text. Most texts are likely to have multiple audiences.	0
14823307892	Concession	an acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable. In a strong argument, a concession is usually accompanied by a refutation challenging the validity of the opposing argument.	1
14823320948	Connotation	Meetings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation. Connotations are are positive or negative, and they often greatly affect the author's tone.	2
14823357340	Context	The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text.	3
14823366598	Counterargument	An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward. Rather than ignoring a counterargument, a strong writer will usually address it through the process of concession and refutation.	4
14823406484	Ethos	Greek for "character." Speakers appeal to ethos to demonstrate that they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic. Ethos is established by both who you are and what you say.	5
14823432164	Pathos	Greek for "suffering" or "experience." Speakers to appeal to pathos to emotionally motivate their audience. More specific appeals to pathos might play on the audience's values, desires, and hopes, on the one hand, or fears and prejudices, on the other.	6
14823495751	Occasion	The time and place a speech is given or a piece is written.	7
14823502719	Persona	Greek for "mask." The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience.	8