AP Language and Composition Flashcards

14674198847	Active voice	In grammar, an active voice is a type of clause or sentence in which a subject performs an action and expresses it through its representative verb; when a subject performs an action directly, it is an active voice	0
14674198848	ad hominem	Directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining	1
14674198849	Allegory	a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.	2
14674198850	Alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.	3
14674198851	Allusion	an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.	4
14674198852	Ambiguity	the quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness.	5
14674198853	Analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	6
14674198854	Anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	7
14674198855	Anastrophe	Inversion of the natural or usual word order	8
14674198856	anecdote	a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person	9
14674198857	Antithesis	a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else	10
14674198858	Aphorism	a pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."	11
14674198859	Apostrophe	a figure of speech sometimes represented by exclamation "O". A writer or a speaker, using an apostrophe, detaches himself from the reality and addresses an imaginary character in his speech.	12
14674198860	Asyndeton	the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence.	13
14674198861	Bandwagon	Used in reference to an activity, cause, etc. that is currently fashionable or popular	14
14674198862	Chiasmus	a rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form ex: "poetry is the record of the best and happiest memories of the happiest and best minds"	15
14674198863	Connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.	16
14674198864	Deductive	characterized by or based on the inference of particular instances from a general law.	17
14674198865	Denotation	the literal meaning of a word	18
14674198866	Diction	A writer's or speaker's choice of words	19
14674198867	Ethos	Ethical appeal	20
14674198868	Euphemism	An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant	21
14674198869	fallacy	(n.) a false notion or belief; an error in thinking	22
14674198870	fugurative language	When you use a word or phrase that does not have its normal everyday meaning	23
14674198871	Hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.	24
14674198872	Imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	25
14674198873	Inductive	characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances.	26
14674198874	Irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.	27
14674198875	Jargon	special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.	28
14674198876	Juxtaposition	the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.	29
14674198877	Logos	Appeal to logic	30
14674198878	Metaphor	a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.	31
14674198879	Mood	Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader	32
14674198880	Onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	33
14674198881	Oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction	34
14674198882	Paradox	a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.	35
14674198883	passive voice	the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb	36
14674198884	Pathos	Appeal to emotion	37
14674198885	Personification	the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.	38
14674198886	point of view	a particular attitude or way of considering a matter.	39
14674198887	Poisoning the Well	Discrediting a person's claim by presenting unfavorable information (true or false) about the person. Person B attacking Person A before Person A can make his/her claim. Example: 'John, an abusive alcoholic, will now give his argument for the legalization of public drinking'.	40
14674198888	Pun	a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.	41
14674198889	Red Herring	something, especially a clue, that is or is intended to be misleading or distracting.	42
14674198890	Repetition	Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis	43
14674198891	Rhertoric	The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques	44
14674198892	rhetorical question	A question asked to create a dramatic effect or make a point rather than to get an answer	45
14674198893	Satire	the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.	46
14674198894	Simile	A comparison of two unlike things using like or as	47
14674198895	Straw Man	When a writer argues against a claim that nobody actually holds or is universally considered weak.	48
14674198896	Style	the choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work	49
14674198897	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	50
14674198898	Symbol	A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.	51
14674198899	Synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	52
14674198900	Syntax	Sentence structure	53
14674198901	Synthesis	combining parts into a whole	54
14674198902	Theme	Central idea of a work of literature	55
14674198903	Thesis	a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.	56
14674198904	Tone	Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character	57
14674198905	Understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.	58
14674198906	Zeugma	use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings	59