AP Language and Composition Study Set 2 (2019-2020) Flashcards
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| 14311956394 | ethos | Greek for "character." This appeal seeks to demonstrate credibility and trustworthiness on a given topic. | 0 | |
| 14311956395 | logos | Greek for "embodied thought." Speakers appeal to reason, by offering clear, rational ideas and using specific details, examples, facts, statistics, or expert testimony to back them up. | 1 | |
| 14311956403 | metaphor | Figure of speech that compares two things without using like or as; says one thing IS another. | 2 | |
| 14311956406 | hyperbole | Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken seriously | 3 | |
| 14311956407 | parallelism | Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. | 4 | |
| 14311956408 | juxtaposition | Two or more ideas or things placed side by side for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts. | 5 | |
| 14311956411 | hortative sentence | Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. | 6 | |
| 14311956413 | oxymoron | Paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another. Examples: "cruel kindness," or "living death". A combination of two contradictory or opposite words. It may produce a dramatic effect, but does not make literal sense. | 7 | |
| 14311956416 | imagery | Description using language that appeals to the senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing.) | 8 | |
| 14311956418 | open thesis | Does not list all the points the writer intends to cover in an essay. | 9 | |
| 14311956419 | fallacy | Potential vulnerability or weakness in an argument. | 10 | |
| 14311956422 | hasty generalization | A fallacy in which conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence. Ex: "That $29 shirt at Marshall's is a great deal, therefore, everything at Marshall's is a great deal." | 11 | |
| 14311956424 | introduction | Introduces the reader to the subject under discussion. | 12 | |
| 14311956425 | narration | Provides factual information and background material on the subject at hand or establishes why the subject is a problem that needs addressing. | 13 | |
| 14311956435 | non sequitur | a statement that does not follow logically from evidence Ex: It's going to rain today, therefore bunny rabbits are way cuter than chipmunks. | 14 | |
| 14311956439 | metonymy | Substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for the referent Examples: The pen is mightier than the sword. -Edward Bulwer-Lytton This land belongs to the crown. You cannot fight city hall. | 15 | |
| 14311956440 | parenthesis | Stylistic device that comes from the Greek word meaning "to place," or "alongside." A qualifying or explanatory sentence, clause, or word that gives more explanation and adds emphasis. | 16 | |
| 14311956441 | paradox | an apparently contradictory statement that actually contains some truth. examples: Less is more You can save money by spending it. I know one thing; that I know nothing. This is the beginning of the end. | 17 | |
| 14312050950 | false authority | Using an alleged authority as evidence in your argument when the authority is not an authority on the facts relevant to the argument. | 18 | |
| 14312057866 | false dilemma | Fallacy based on an "either-or" type of argument where only two choices are presented, when more might exist. | 19 | |
| 14312187312 | exordium | Introduction to an argument, in which the speaker announces the subject and purpose, and appeals to ethos in order to establish credibility | 20 | |
| 14312207721 | Irony | Figure of speech in which a speaker says one thing but means another, or when what is said is the opposite of what is expected. | 21 | |
| 14312229999 | modifier | Word, phrase, or clause that qualifies or describes another word, phrase, or clause, in order to describe, focus or qualify. | 22 | |
| 14312237319 | mood | The feeling or atmosphere created by a text | 23 | |
| 14312454676 | faulty analogy | a fallacy that occurs when an analogy compares two things that are not comparable. | 24 |