AP World History Chapter 22 Flashcards

12540136660	What are the two things that the Industrial Revolution means?	Increased mechanization of production and the social changes that accompanied the shift.	0
12540136661	Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and where did it spread first?	It began in Britain and spread to other countries in northwest Europe and North America	1
12540136662	Explain the British Cottage Industry system and how it came about?	The system was where merchants provided raw cotton to women into finished cloth in their homes and it was made to compete with Indian cotton	2
12540137974	How did the Cottage Industries spur Industrial technologies?	Inventors demanded faster production to turn out cloth more efficiently	3
12540137975	What ended the household cottage industry?	The water frame	4
12540137976	Besides the Cotton Gin what other more important invention system did Eli Whitney create? Why was it important to the Industrial Revolution?	A system of interchangeable parts for manufacturing firearms in the US military, which led to a division of labour among workers	5
12540140210	Division of Labor led to what system established by Henry Ford?	The moving assembly line	6
12540140211	What effect did James Watt's steam engine have on Industrialization in England?`	It provided an inexpensive way to harness coal power to create steam	7
12540141591	What effect did steam power have on Ocean travel?	Ships were able to travel quickly upstream on rivers instead of having to sail up or be towed by people and animals	8
12540141592	What effect did the seed drill, crop rotation, and the potato have on Industrialism?	Crop rotation and seed drill -increased food production Potato farm -Contributed more calories	9
12540141593	What effect did the enclosure movement have on the growth of urbanization in England?	Enclosure movement caused farmed to become landless and destitute	10
12540142914	What were three advantages that England had in Industrialization?	Britain's geographical advantages ⦁ Coal deposits ⦁ Good for raw material imports ⦁ Good for exporting finished goods	11
12540142915	What effect did the Atlantic Slave trade have on British capitalism?	Atlantic slave trade gave British extra money	12
12540144435	What role did private property play in the development of Industrialism?	Private Property assured that gov't and/or other businesses wouldn't take away their business	13
12540144436	What were the factors that delayed Industrialism in France?	Delayed industrialism in France ⦁ French revolution ⦁ Wars ⦁ Sparsely populated urban centers	14
12540145921	What were the factors that delayed Industrialism in Germany?	Germany delayed industrialization because they were fragmented into small states	15
12540145922	What role did immigrants play in the creation of American Industrialism?	US immigrants provided labour force to work in factories	16
12540147378	What was the difference between the first Industrialism and what was called the second Industrial Revolution?	1st Revolution ⦁ Textiles, steam power, iron 2nd revolution ⦁ Steel, chemical, precision machinery, electronics	17
12540147379	What realization did Japan come to in light of the treatment of China by United States and England?	China was humiliated by the west and Japan noticed, realized they needed to industrialize to protect themselves	18
12540147380	How did industrialism affect gender roles in Japan and England?	Japan replicated abuse of female workers, similar to the British	19
12540148526	Explain the successes of Russian industrialism?	Industrialism in Russia ⦁ Became 4th largest producer of steel	20
12540148527	How did industrialism affect women and children roles?	Had to leave homes and neighbourhoods for a long time to survive	21
12540150393	Explain working conditions for children in the factories?	-Oppressive heat -Heavy loads -Climbing into small spots -Worked at as young as 5	22
12540150394	What were three problems of urbanization?	3 problems of urbanization ⦁ Disease ⦁ Damaging ecological footprint ⦁ Inhumane living conditions	23
12540152140	Why were the working class easily replaced in the factory system?	Working class easily replaced because ⦁ Low skilled ⦁ Not as efficient as machines	24
12540152141	Give a description of the new middle class white collar workers?	white collar workers ⦁ literate ⦁ considered middle class	25
12540152142	Why did factories prefer to hire women?	They were able to pay them less	26
12540154051	What did it mean if you were a stay at home wife?	-Was a status symbol -Meant husband could be the sole provider	27
12540154052	What effect did the cult of domesticity have on the working class women?	Women had to manage household, children, and work full time	28
12540156042	How did consumerism and leisure sports represent the bleak factory working conditions?	Made leisure and material goods an important escape from conditions	29
12540156043	What effect did Industrialism have on environmental conditions?	Water pollution and toxic air pollution	30
12540156044	What can a stock-holder lose and not lose when a company goes bankrupt?	Can only lose what they paid for the stock, not liable for bankruptcy/debt	31
12540157288	What were companies trying to do when they formed monopolies?	-Eliminate competition -Control all aspects of a market	32
12540157289	What were four things unions accomplished in Great Britain?	Union accomplishments in Great Britain ⦁ Minimum wage laws ⦁ Limits on hrs worked ⦁ Overtime pay ⦁ Estimated of 5 day work week	33
12540158625	How did unions affect voter rights in Europe?	Union vote rights ⦁ Reduced property ownership qualifications ⦁ Gave more representation to British Cities	34
12540158626	What were the two major social changes that occurred from 1843 and 1881 in regards to children?	1843 ⦁ Children under 10 banned from working in coal mines 1881 ⦁ Education mandatory for 5-10 y/o British Children	35
12540160197	What three social changes did Otto von Bismarck institute in Germany?	Otto von Bismarck - Germany ⦁ Worker's accident compensation ⦁ Unemployment ⦁ Old age pension ⦁ Insurances	36
12540160198	How did industrialism affect interdependence between nations?	Interdependence between nations after industrialization ⦁ Encouraged and increased ⦁ Greater connections ⦁ Formation of international unions	37
12540162326	How did Adam Smith's ideas and John Stuart Mill's ideas affect industrialism and economics? (Be General)	Adam smith ⦁ Business shouldn't be regulated gov't ⦁ Laissez-faire John Stuart ⦁ Social reforms ie. Child labour ⦁ Growing problems should be focused on	38
12540162327	What did Utopian Socialists advocate for?	Utopian socialists ⦁ Socialism ⦁ Resources shared/owned by everyone	39
12540163757	What was the means of production described by Marx?	Machines, factories, mines, and land	40
12540163758	What were some of the contradictions of Marx?	At times he advocated for democracy, but other times he favoured a "dictatorship of the proletariat"	41
12540163759	What did Anarchism advocate for in response to economics and government?	Argued for nearly all national gov't to be abolished and for local communities to run themselves	42
12540165376	What were two positive aspects of industrialism?	Pros of industrial revolution ⦁ Goods cheaper ⦁ More accessible ⦁ Goods made faster	43
12540165377	What were two negative aspects of industrialism?	Cons of industrial revolution ⦁ Polluted air and water ⦁ Family life changed, works goes from homes to factories	44
12540167344	What long term effect did industrialism have on colonization?	Colonization ⦁ Global inequalities increased ⦁ Second war began ⦁ Early industrialization destroyed in Egypt, China, India	45