AP English Language Literary Terms Flashcards

14003057575	allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event	0
14003063403	analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	1
14003067159	anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	2
14003069947	anecdote	a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person	3
14003073285	antimetabole	Repetition of words in reverse order	4
14003084436	antithesis	Direct opposite	5
14003084437	assertion	a declaration or statement	6
14003088551	assumption	A belief or statement taken for granted without proof.	7
14003093079	asyndeton	omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words	8
14003103203	claim of fact	asserts that something is true or not true	9
14003107360	claim of policy	proposes a change	10
14003112581	claim of value	argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong	11
14003115901	complex sentence	A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause	12
14003115902	compound sentence	a sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions	13
14003119869	concession	Something given up or yielded	14
14003124546	connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.	15
14003132325	counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument	16
14003132327	cumulative sentence	sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on	17
14003137124	deduction	the process of moving from a general rule to a specific example	18
14003141046	diction	A writer's or speaker's choice of words	19
14003146029	figurative language	Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.	20
14003149884	first-hand evidence	Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it's from personal experience, observations, or general knowledge of events.	21
14003155849	hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.	22
14003155850	imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	23
14003160575	imperative sentence	sentence used to command or enjoin	24
14003165022	induction	the process that moves from a given series of specifics to a generalization	25
14003165023	irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.	26
14003169279	juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts	27
14003174229	logos	Appeal to logic or reason	28
14003180939	metaphor	A comparison without using like or as	29
14003183434	modifier	a word, phrase, or clause that qualifies or describes another word, phrase, or clause	30
14003183435	parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	31
14003188740	pathos	Appeal to emotion	32
14003191620	periodic sentence	sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end	33
14003198696	persona	an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting	34
14003202688	personification	the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.	35
14003223445	polysyndeton	the use, for rhetorical effect, of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural	36
14003226527	qualifier	a word or phrase that clarifies, modifies, or limits the meaning of another word or phrase	37
14003230204	qualitative evidence	evidence supported by reason, tradition, or precedent	38
14003239885	quantitative evidence	includes things that can be measured, cited, counted, or otherwise represented in numbers	39
14003242870	rebuttal	a refutation or contradiction	40
14003247684	refutation	a denial of the validity of an opposing argument	41
14003247685	rhetorical question	A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer	42
14003251152	satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.	43
14003255721	second-hand evidence	Evidence that is accessed through research, reading, and investigation. It includes factual and historical information, expert opinion, and quantitative data.	44
14003258619	simile	A comparison using "like" or "as"	45
14003258620	syntax	The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.	46
14003262593	understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.	47
14003267560	zeugma	use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings	48
14003292746	ad hominem	a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute	49
14003292747	ad populum	This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do."	50
14003296798	alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.	51
14003300263	appeal to false authority	This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise to speak on an issue is cited as an authority.	52
14003303699	bandwagon appeal	The argument that since something is popular or everybody is doing it, so should you.	53
14003309501	begging the question	A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt.	54
14003313078	circular reasoning	a fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence	55
14003316346	equivocation	the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication	56
14003320878	false dilemma	A fallacy of oversimplification that offers a limited number of options (usually two) when in fact more options are available.	57
14003324225	faulty analogy	a fallacy that occurs when an analogy compares two things that are not comparable	58
14003326906	hasty generalization	A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence.	59
14003331310	metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	60
14003337850	oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	61
14003341291	paradox	A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.	62
14003341324	polemic	a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something	63
14003348732	post hoc ergo propter hoc	This fallacy is Latin for "after which therefore because of which," meaning that it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier. One may loosely summarize this fallacy by saying that correlation does not imply causation.	64
14003360213	Rogerian argument	acknowledges the validity of the opposition's positions rather than attacking them	65
14003367325	straw man	A fallacy that occurs when a speaker chooses a deliberately poor or oversimplified example in order to ridicule and refute an idea.	66
14003367326	syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	67
14003370946	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	68