AP Bio - DNA replication Flashcards
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| 15497163026 | nucleotides | Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases | 0 | |
| 15497163027 | DNA bases | adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine | 1 | |
| 15497163028 | complementary base pairing | adenine form hydrogen bonds with thymine, cytosine forms hydrogen bonds with guanine | 2 | |
| 15497163029 | phosphodiester bonds | bonds that join nucleotides in nucleic acids |  | 3 |
| 15497163030 | antiparallel | The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix. | 4 | |
| 15497163031 | ribonucleic acid | (RNA) part of the genetic material that organisms inherited from their parents | 5 | |
| 15497163032 | helicase | an enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands |  | 6 |
| 15497163034 | topoisomerase | A protein that functions in DNA replication, helping to relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork. |  | 7 |
| 15497163035 | DNA polymerase | An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain. |  | 8 |
| 15497163037 | leading strand | the new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' --> 3' direction | 9 | |
| 15497163038 | lagging strand | The strand in replication that is copied 3' to 5' as Okazaki fragments and then joined up. | 10 | |
| 15504501755 | Okazaki fragments | Small fragments of DNA produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication, joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand. | 11 | |
| 15497163040 | DNA ligase | an enzyme that eventually joins the Okazaki fragments at their sugar-phosphate backbone |  | 12 |
| 15497163041 | semiconservative | refers to the fact that half of a newly made DNA is the old template. | 13 |