AP US History Unit 5 Flashcards

10828739800	Corrupt Bargain of 1824	Election between Jackson and Adams; Adams won because he offered Clay secretary of state ; Adams became president	0
10828739801	Election of 1828	Jackson defeats John Quincy Adams	1
10828739802	Mudslinging	Attempt to ruin an opponent's reputation with insults	2
10828739803	Spoils System	a system jackson used to put his supporters and friends into office	3
10828739804	Nullification Crisis	South Carolina legislature wanted to nullify tariffs of 1824 & 1828 if not they would secede	4
10828739805	Tariff of Abominations	tax on imported goods to help northern manufacturing 45%	5
10828739806	Tariff of 1833	every 8 years the tariff would be reduced by 10%	6
10828739807	South Carolina Exposition	written by John C. Calhoun denouncing the 1828 Tariff as unconstitutional and that the states should be able to nullify	7
10828739808	Force Bill	gave the president power to use military force to collect tariffs if the needed	8
10828739809	Pet banks were:	state banks to house federal funds	9
10828739810	Indian Removal Act	forced many Native American nations to move west of the Mississippi River	10
10828739811	What were the 5 civilized tribes?	Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole	11
10828739812	Bank War	Jackson believed the Bank of US had too much power. Vetoed the 2nd Bank charter	12
10828739813	Election of 1832	Jackson v Clay, Jackson wins. First time a third party was in an election, Anti-Masonic party.	13
10828739814	Manifest Destiny	It was America's destiny to stretch from Atlantic to Pacific	14
10828739815	Worcester vs. Georgia	Ruled in favor of Cherokee; Indians couldn't be forced to leave land	15
10828739816	Whig Party Beliefs	strong national government, pro-tariffs, anti-masonic, American System	16
10828739817	Democratic beliefs	states rights, limited government, free trade	17
10828739818	Whig Party supporters	New England, Mid-Atlantic, upper Mid-West,	18
10828739819	Democratic supporters	Southerners and Westerners	19
10828739820	Election of 1836	William Henry Harrison vs. Martin Van Buren; Van Buren won	20
10828739821	Martin Van Buren	8th President	21
10828739822	William Henry Harrison	was an American military leader, politician, the 9th President, and 1st President to die in office.	22
10828739823	Panic of 1837	A financial crisis in the United States that led to an economic depression	23
10828739824	Divorce Bill	A bill passed by Van Buren, that divorced the government from banking	24
10828739825	the Alamo	an abandoned mission near San Antonio that became an important battle site in the Texas Revolution	25
10828739826	Election of 1840	William Henry Harrison vs. Martin Van Buren; Harrison won	26
10828739827	Irish Immigrants	Came to the U.S. because of the Irish Potato Famine. Lived along eastern seaboard (NYC, Boston) Many worked in factories, railroads, etc. in harsh conditions for little pay	27
10828739828	German Immigrants	Democratic Revolution failed, wanted religious freedom, came w/ money; came to PA, WI, TX; brought over Christmas trees, kindergarten, public schools etc.	28
10828739829	Nativists	Americans who feared that immigrants would take jobs and impose their Roman Catholic beliefs on society	29
10828739830	Know-Nothing Party	Political party of the 1850s that was anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant	30
10828739831	Commonwealth v. Hunt	ruling of the Massachusetts Supreme Court establishing the legality of labor unions and the legality of union workers striking if an employer hired non-union workers.	31
10828739832	Cotton Gin	a machine for separating cotton from its seeds.	32
10828739833	Eli Whitney	Invented the cotton gin	33
10828739834	telegraph	A device for rapid, long-distance transmission of information over an electric wire.	34
10828739835	Mechanical Reaper	Machine that could harvest wheat quickly	35
10828739836	Cumberland Road	the first road built by the federal government	36
10828739837	Erie Canal	an artificial waterway connecting the Hudson river with Lake Erie	37
10828739838	iron tramp steamers	fast ships that could carry large cargo	38
10828739839	interchangeable parts	uniform pieces that can be made in large quantities to replace other identical pieces	39
10828739840	Cult of Domesticity	idealized view of women & home; self-less caregiver for children, refuge for husbands	40
10828739841	Steel Plow	could plow through thick soil so people could now farm in the Midwest	41
10828739842	Tammany Hall Political Machine	led corruption in NYC for political and economic gain	42
10828739843	Cyrus McCormick	Invented the mechanical reaper	43
10828739844	Samuel Slater	invented the first American machine for spinning cotton. Known as "the Father of the Factory System"	44
10828739845	Robert Fulton	Invented the steamboat	45
10828739846	John Deere	Invented the steel plow	46
10828739847	DeWitt Clinton	built the Erie Canal	47
10828739848	Isaac Singer	Improved the sewing machine	48
10828739849	Samuel F.B. Morse	invented the telegraph + morse code	49
10828739850	Lowell Factory	factory in Lowell, Massachusetts that helped women get jobs and follow a different path besides farm work.	50
10828739851	Second Great Awakening	A second religious revival. Had an effect on moral movements such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and moral reasoning against slavery. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans.	51
10828739852	Unitarianism	Belief that employers and employees can act together for their common good.	52
10828739853	Seneca Falls Convention	the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written	53
10828739854	Temperance	restraint or moderation, especially in regards to alcohol or food	54
10828739855	Transcendentalism	Held that every individual can reach ultimate truths through spiritual intuition, which transcends reason and sensory experience.	55
10828739856	Mormon Church	religious denomination Church of Jesus Christ (Latter-Day Saints) based on the Book of Mormon started by Joseph Smith	56
10828739857	Declaration of Sentiments	document modeled after the Declaration of Independence listed the injustices towards women; used to argue women's rights	57
10828739858	Deism	Followers believed that God existed and had created the world, but that afterwards He left it to run by its own natural laws.	58
10828739859	William McGuffey	wrote children's grammar books w/ moral	59
10828739860	Timothy Dwight	credited with starting the 2nd Great Awakening with lectures at Yale	60
10828739861	Dorothea Dix	convinced states to reform treatment of mentally ill	61
10828739862	Elizabeth Cady Stanton	formed NWSA (National Women's Suffrage Association); organized Seneca Falls	62
10828739863	Brigham Young	led Mormons to Salt Lake City, Utah	63
10828739864	William Miller	He led the group that believed the world would end on October 22, 1844. They originated in the Burned-Over-District.	64
10828739865	Joseph Smith	founder of Mormonism	65
10828739866	Henry David Thoreau	Transcendentalist, wrote "Walden" and "Civil Disobedience"	66
10828739867	Horace Mann	worked for public school reform and improved teacher training	67
10828739868	Charles Finney	started series of revivals in NY; known for fire & brimstone sermons	68
10828739869	Ralph Waldo Emerson	Transcendentalist; delivered "The American Scholar" lecture	69
10828739870	Neal Dow	Father of Prohibition; sponsored Maine Law	70
10828739871	New Harmony	first Utopian society, by Robert Owen	71
10828739872	Brook Farm	A transcendentalist Utopian experiment, put into practice byGeorge Ripley	72
10828739873	Oneida Community	A group of socio-religious perfectionists who lived in New York. Practiced polygamy, communal property, and communal raising of children.	73
10828739874	Shakers	A millennial group who believed in both Jesus and a mystic named Ann Lee.	74
10828739875	Hudson River School	Founded by Thomas Cole, first native school of landscape painting in the U.S.	75
10828739876	Romanticism	a movement in the arts and literature that emphasized inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual.	76
10828739877	Edgar Allan Poe	wrote The Raven	77
10828739878	Nathaniel Hawthorne	wrote the Scarlet Letter	78
10828739879	Herman Melville	wrote Moby Dick	79
10828739880	Walt Whitman	Wrote Leaves of Grass	80
10828739881	Louisa May Alcott	wrote Little Women	81