AP Bio Macromolecules Flashcards

14742593058	Macromolecules	A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules	0
14742593059	Polymer	A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.	1
14742595808	Monomer	A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers	2
14742600778	Carbohydrates	the starches and sugars present in foods	3
14742602153	3 main types of carbohydrates	monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides	4
14742607842	Starch	A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.	5
14742608481	Cellulose	A substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many plant organisms	6
14742609962	Lipids	Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.	7
14742611249	Main types of lipids	Neutral fats or triglycerides Phospholipids Steroids	8
14742613166	fatty acids	chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms	9
14742613862	carboxyl group	A -COOH group, found in organic acids.	10
14742618292	Triglycerides	an energy-rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid.	11
14742623419	saturated fats	fats that are solid at room temperature, all carbons are single bonded	12
14742625407	unsaturated fats	liquid at room temperature, double bonds between carbon atoms.	13
14742636351	Phosopholipids	found in cell membranes	14
14742637085	Steriods	Steroids are a class of lipids that have a basic structure of four linked carbon rings and include cholesterol, vitamin D, and a variety of hormones.	15
14742638803	Proteins	Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues	16
14742641353	amino acids	building blocks of proteins	17
14742642529	Peptide bonds form between	an amino group and a carboxyl group	18
14742645578	nucleic acids	store and transmit genetic information, DNA and RNA	19
14742647734	Nucleotides are composed of	1. 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) 2. 1 phosphate group 3. 1 nitrogenous (nitrogen containing) base	20
14742649034	Nitrogen bases in DNA	Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine	21
14742651174	DNA structure	DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine	22
14742654456	RNA structure	single stranded A, U, C, G	23