AP psych vocab 1 Flashcards

14710866911	Psychology	the scientific study of behavior and mental processes	0
14710869652	Empiricism	the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation	1
14710875298	Structuralism	used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind	2
14710882193	Functionalism	how mental and behavioral processes function	3
14710893150	humanistic psychology	perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people	4
14710895180	natural selection	the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations	5
14710896335	biological psychology	the scientific study of the links between biological and psychological processes	6
14710903534	evolutionary psychology	the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection	7
14710904613	psychodynamic psychology	how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts	8
14710912634	behavioral psychology	study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning	9
14710915898	Cognitive Psychology	The study of how people think, learn, and remember.	10
14710920812	social-cultural psychology	how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures	11
14710922275	basic research	pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base	12
14710924859	applied research	scientific study that aims to solve practical problems	13
14710928898	hindsight bias	the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it "i knew it all along"	14
14710931761	Theory	an explanation that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events	15
14710936376	Hypothesis	A testable prediction, often implied by a theory	16
14710937470	case study	study of one individual in great detail	17
14710939192	survey	the collection of data by having people answer a series of questions	18
14710944172	random sample	a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion	19
14710951361	representaive sample	a selected segment of a group that closely parallels the population as a whole in terms of key variables under examination	20
14710967007	naturalistic observation	observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation	21
14710972153	Correlation	A measure of the relationship between two variables	22
14710976088	placebo effect	experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent.	23
14710980158	independent variable	variable that is manipulated	24
14710982546	dependent variable	The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.	25
14710985284	confounding variable	a factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment	26
14720655858	skewed distribution	a representation of scores that lack symmetry around their average value	27
14720655859	standard deviation	measure of how much scores vary around the mean score	28
14720655860	statistical significance	how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance	29
14720655861	informed consent	A research participant's agreement to take part in the study	30
14720655862	operational definition	a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study	31