AP World History Unit 3: Empires Expand Flashcards

14545720877	Gunpowder	Invented within China during the 9th century, this substance was became the dominate military technology used to expand European and Asian empires by the 15th century.	0
14545720878	Manchus	Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644, which was the last of China's imperial dynasties.	1
14545720879	Mughal Empire	Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.	2
14545720880	Ottoman Empire	Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire was based at Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453-1922. It encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe.	3
14545720881	Safavid Empire	Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi'ite state.	4
14545720882	Songhai	a West African empire that conquered Mali and controlled trade from the 1400s to 1591	5
14545720883	monumental architecture	architectural constructions of a greater-than-human scale, such as pyramids, temples, and tombs	6
14545720884	Tax farming	A government's use of private collectors to collect taxes. Individuals or corporations contract with the government to collect a fixed amount for the government and are permitted to keep as profit everything they collect over that amount. (p. 334)	7
14545720885	Devshirme	'Selection' in Turkish. The system by which boys from Christian communities were taken by the Ottoman state to serve as Janissaries.	8
14545720886	Samuri	a member of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan, especially a member of the class of military retainers of the daimyos.	9
14545720887	Divine Right	Belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god.	10
14545720888	Temple of Cuzco	Incan sun temple and example of monumental architecture.	11
14545720889	Taj Mahal	A beautiful tomb built by the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan to honor his wife.	12
14545720890	Versailles	A palace built by Louis XIV outside of Paris; it was home to Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette	13
14545720891	Zamindar	a local official in Mogul India who received a plot of farmland for temporary use in return for collecting taxes for the central government	14
14545720892	Protestant Reformation	A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.	15
14545720893	Catholic Reformation	a 16th century movement in which the Roman Catholic Church sought to make changes in response to the Protestant Reformation	16
14545720894	Sunni	A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad	17
14545720895	Shia	the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad	18
14545720896	Sikhism	the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam	19
14545720897	Ming Dynasty	A major dynasty that ruled China from the mid-fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth century. It was marked by a great expansion of Chinese commerce into East Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia	20
14545720898	Sycretic	A religion that combines several traditions	21