AP Chem Flashcards
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| 13859534130 | Law of Conservation of Matter | Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change. Antoine Lavoisier | 0 | |
| 13859540567 | law of constant composition (law of definite proportions) | Pure chemical compound always has same percentage composition of each element by mass. | 1 | |
| 13859550937 | Dalton's Atomic Theory | 1) elements are composed of atoms. 2) atoms of same element are identical, but differ from other elements. 3) chemical reactions are just rearrangements with whole number ratios | 2 | |
| 13859595853 | Law of Multiple Proportions | if two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ratio of small whole numbers | 3 | |
| 13859612218 | Oil Drop Experiment | Determined that the charge of the electron which led to calculation of mass. Robert Milikan | 4 | |
| 13859628565 | Gold Foil Experiment | Conducted by Ernest Rutherford in which alpha particles that were shot at gold foil were deflected when they hit the positive center of gold atoms. The nucleus was discovered as a result of this experiment. Led to nuclear model. | 5 | |
| 13859640474 | Solar System Model | Electron orbits. Bohr | 6 | |
| 13859648006 | The Wave Mechanical Model of the Atom | Modern model of the atom "Orbitals" probable location of an electron "electron cloud" | 7 | |
| 13859661295 | Order Electromagnetic Spectrum | radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma ray | 8 | |
| 13859840592 | Heisenberg uncertainty principle | it is impossible to know exactly both the momentum and the position of a particle at the same time (change in x times change in (mv) is less than or equal to h over (4pi). | 9 | |
| 13859893482 | The p orbitals are shaped like | dumbbells |  | 10 |
| 13859904672 | D orbital shapes | Flowery |  | 11 |
| 13860176782 | Hund's Rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals | 12 | |
| 13860179732 | Pauli Exclusion Principle | An atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction | 13 | |
| 13886106685 | Diagonal Relationships | Li and Mg. Be and Al. B and Si | 14 | |
| 13925451310 | Boiling Point Trends | 15 | ||
| 13923480625 | Plots Needed to Give Straight Lines (Rates) | [A] v. T (0 order), ln[A] v. T (1st order), 1/[A] v. T (2nd order) | 16 | |
| 13923496062 | Half Lives | [A]/2k (0 order), 0.693/k (1st order), 1/k[A] (2nd order). | 17 | |
| 13925469561 | Indicators | SA + SB: BTB WA + SB: Phenophalen WB + SA: Methyl red | 18 |