AP US History Chapter 1 Flashcards

14682891139	tribute	Goods given to rulers by subjects as a form of payment/taxes	0
14682891140	matriarchy	Power inherited through female lines of authority (e.g. Iroquois Confederacy)	1
14682891141	animism	Belief of spirits infused in the natural world (primary religion of Native Americans and also represented in African+European cultures)	2
14682891142	patriarchy	Property and social identity descended in male lines of family (common European practice)	3
14682891143	primogeniture	Fathers bestowed all land and property upon eldest son (common European practice that created poor peasants that would become immigrants)	4
14682891144	peasants	Farmers living in villages surrounded by fields that were cooperatively farmed- families were very poor and centered their lives around a seasonal schedule for farming (much like Native Americans)	5
14682891145	Republics	City-states governed by merchant coalitions ruled by moneyed elites (e.g. Italian city-states during the Renaissance)	6
14682891146	Civic Humanism	Ideology praising virtue and service to the state	7
14682891147	Guilds	Artisan organizations regulating trade	8
14682891148	Renaissance	Arts and learning associated with 1300-1450 (influenced European, Asian, and African cultures during economic revolution)	9
14682891149	Christianity	Religion that grew from Jewish monotheism that believes Jesus Christ is divine	10
14682891150	Islam	Religion considering Muhammad to be God's last prophet	11
14682891151	Crusades	Series of Christian Wars from A.D. 1096-1291 to reverse the spread of Islam and take back the Holy Lands where Christ had lived	12
14682891152	predestination	Idea that God chooses souls for damnation or salvation before birth (John Calvin preached this in "Institutes of Christian Religion" (1536), which prompted the Protestant Reformation)	13
14682891153	heresies	Doctrines inconsistent with the teachings of the Church	14
14682891154	Protestant Reformation	Radical reformers (Luther&Calvin) started a war between Northern Principalities and the traditional Roman Catholic Church	15
14682891155	Counter Reformation	Catholic Church sought change from within (due to the Protestant Reformation) creating new monastic and missionary orders (e.g. Jesuits)	16
14682891156	Trans-Saharan Trade	Primary Avenue for West African trade before being connected to the Atlantic by European traders	17
14682891157	Reconquista	spanish-Catholic campaign to expel Muslims from Europe and persecute any and all non-Catholic Christians, Muslims, and Jews	18