Electrostatics and Magnetism MCAT Flashcards
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| 9258927047 | Fe = kq1q2/ (r^2) | Electric FORCE formula | 0 | |
| 9612330457 | Coulomb's law | ____________'s Law gives the magnitude of the electrostatic force vector between 2 charges. | 1 | |
| 9612343810 | electric field | Every charge exerts a(n)__________ _______ (____) which can exert forces on other charges. | 2 | |
| 9612809515 | J/C | Voltage = what units | 3 | |
| 9612730639 | E; N/C = V/m | Electric FIELD variable and units | 4 | |
| 9612777155 | U = kQq/r | Electric Potential energy formula | 5 | |
| 9622460696 | decreases by factor of 2 (x1/2) | How does the potential ENERGY change when SEPARATION DOUBLES (x2)? | 6 | |
| 9622477585 | decreases by factor of 2 (x1/2) | How must the DISTANCE change in order to DOUBLE potential ENERGY (x2)? | 7 | |
| 9622531809 | like charges | Graph where Ue approaches 0 as distance increases is for what kind of charges? |  | 8 |
| 9622695968 | furthest away | LIKE charges have LOWEST Potential ENERGY when _____________ from/to each other | 9 | |
| 9622704170 | closest | OPPOSITE charges have LOWEST Potential ENERGY when _____________ from/to each other | 10 | |
| 9622542552 | positive | Ue (Potential Energy) for LIKE charges is ALWAYS ______________ | 11 | |
| 9258940376 | q1 and q2 | Electric force is directly proportional to | 12 | |
| 9258946924 | r^2 | Electric force is inversely proportional to ____ | 13 | |
| 9622816651 | lower | Attractive FORCE between UNlike charges and repulsive FORCE between like charges work to ____________ Potential ENERGY | 14 | |
| 9612458766 | positive | Electric field lines radiate OUTward from a _________ source charge | 15 | |
| 9612464163 | negative | Electric field lines radiate INward from a ____________ source charge | 16 | |
| 9612489819 | Electric potential energy (U) | The amount of WORK required to bring the test charge from infinitely far away to a given position in the vicinity of a source charge. | 17 | |
| 9622337960 | decreases | Test charges will move SPONTANEOUSLY in a direction the _____________ their Electric POTENTIAL ENERGY | 18 | |
| 9612518453 | increases | What happens to Electric potential energy when 2 LIKE charges move TOWARD each other and 2 OPPOSITE charges move further APART? | 19 | |
| 9612528554 | decreases | What happens to Electric potential energy when 2 OPPOSITE charges move TOWARD each other and 2 LIKE charges move further APART? | 20 | |
| 9612543542 | Electric Potential (V) | ______________ ____________ (V) is the Electric Potential ENERGY per unit of CHARGE | 21 | |
| 9612565977 | Potential difference (voltage) | _____________ _____________ (_____________): the change in potential that accompanies the movement of a test charge from one position to another | 22 | |
| 9622883702 | -10J | A system of two charges has a potential energy of -5 joules. Which of the following is a possible potential energy for the system after it has been permitted to accelerate for a few seconds? -5 J, +5J, 0 J, -10J (acceleration spontaneously will be in direction to DECREASE Potential Energy) | 23 | |
| 9624125745 | no | When charge is moved along SAME equipotential line, ________ work is done | 24 | |
| 9622933165 | Positive and decreasing | In alpha decay, the electric potential energy of the He2+ that is emitted from a californium nucleus is always: _____________ and ______________ing (as it moves away from + nucleus) | 25 | |
| 9623144669 | resistivity | All of the following are measures of potential energy change EXCEPT: -ionization energy -electron affinity -bond enthalpy -resistivity | 26 | |
| 9612585133 | potential difference (voltage) | This is pathway INDEPENDENT (only depends on initial and final positions) | 27 | |
| 9258963488 | decreases | INCREASING distance (radius) between 2 charges __________ the electric force? | 28 | |
| 9622362278 | not spontaneous | A process with a POSITIVE (+) change in ENERGY (+Usystem) signifies that it is | 29 | |
| 9622376755 | spontaneous | A process with a NEGATIVE (-) change in ENERGY (-Usystem) signifies that it is | 30 | |
| 9612611703 | decrease in their electric potential energy | Test charges will move spontaneously in whichever direction results in a(n) ____________ in their ____________ ___________ ___________ | 31 | |
| 9612635738 | high to low | Positive test charges will move spontaneously from ______ potential to _____ potential | 32 | |
| 9612640908 | low to high | Negative test charges will move spontaneously from ______ potential to _____ potential | 33 | |
| 9258970432 | Increases by factor of 4 | If the distance between 2 charges is halved, what happens to electric force? | 34 | |
| 9259057679 | coulomb | A proton and an electron each have 1 ____________ of charge- although the proton is (+) and electron is (-) | 35 | |
| 9259084221 | coulomb; e = 1.60 x 10^-19 | fundamental unit of charge is known as the ___________; __ = ________ | 36 | |
| 9259110400 | negatively; evenly; | When you shuffle your feet (which are originally electrically neutral), you acquire NEGATIVE charge as a result of friction. ________ charged particles are transferred from the carpet to your feet. These charges spread out _________ over the total surface of your body. The shock that occurs when your hand gets close enough to a metal doorknob allows that excess charge to jump off your fingers to the door knob. | 37 | |
| 9259141137 | ground; means of returning the charge to earth | When you touch a metal doorknob and experience a "shock," the metal doorknob is acting as a __________, or a means of _________ the charge to __________ | 38 | |
| 9259148949 | drier | Static charge buildup or STATIC ELECTRICITY is MORE SIGNIFICANT in what kind of air? | 39 | |
| 9259162559 | easier; separated | DRIER AIR (less humidity) makes it ___________ for charges to become and remain __________. | 40 | |
| 9259186718 | distribute; transfer; nonmetals | An INSULATOR will NOT easily ___________ charge over its surface and will NOT ________ charge to another neutral object very well. Most __________ are insulators. | 41 | |
| 9259195341 | dieelectric; prevent grounding | INSULATORS serve as ___________ materials in capacitors; also serve to isolate electrostatic experiments from the environment to ____________ ___________. | 42 | |
| 9259228424 | distribute evenly; transfer and transport | When a CONDUCTOR is given a charge, the charges will distribute ___________ upon the surface of the conductor. CONDUCTORS can _______ and _______ charges and are often used in circuits or electrochemical cells. | 43 | |
| 9259244797 | conductors | ______________ are only LOOSELY associated with the positive charge | 44 | |
| 9259260200 | free electrons | CONDUCTORS are conceptualized as nuclei surrounded by a sea of _______ ________ that are able to move rapidly throughout the material and are only loosely associated with the positive charge | 45 | |
| 9259268306 | metals; electrolyte | CONDUCTORS are usually _________ although IONIC ___________ solutions are also effective conductors | 46 | |
| 9259295157 | greater | The PROTON has a much ________ mass than the electron | 47 | |
| 9259385700 | Q- source charge; q- test charge | Q is the ________ charge; q is the _______charge. | 48 | |
| 9259390627 | E = Fe/q = kQ/(r^2) | Equation for ELECTRIC FIELD (E) |  | 49 |
| 9612383119 | electric field (E) | What is the ratio of the FORCE that is exerted on a TEST charge to the MAGNITUDE of that charge? | 50 | |
| 9259649801 | positively; greater | Given the electric field lines for QA and QB shown below, which of the following statements is true? Both are ________ charged and QA is __________ than QB. |  | 51 |
| 9612361928 | positive | Electric field lines Radiate OUTWARD from ___________ source charges. | 52 | |
| 9259675503 | decreasing; repulsive; force decreases --> acceleration decreases | Uranium NUCLEUS undergoes fission, as one fragment moves away from the other fragment, it has __________ acceleration. Since both fragments are (+), they experience a ___________ force, moving away from each other (DISTANCE btwn the fragments INCREASES) --> Electric FORCE ___________ --> ACCELERATION | 53 | |
| 9260023367 | cancel out | 2 EQUAL magnitude OPPOSITE direction ELECTRIC FIELDS ___________ ________ midway between each other. |  | 54 |
| 9260065503 | direction | When calculating net Efield ADD OR SUBTRACT based on ___________ of each Efield | 55 | |
| 9259766287 | 72: 18: 8 | If the electric field at a distance r away from charge Q is 72 N/C, what is the ratio of the electric fields at r, 2r, and 3r? | 56 | |
| 9259886833 | Potential | Conservative forces can store ____________ energy | 57 | |
| 9259897335 | +q- greater potential energy (U); more work | A POSITIVE (+) test charge (+q) has __________ __________energy (__) than a negative (-) test charge when brought into the vicinity of a POSITIVE (+) SOURCE CHARGE (Q), because it takes ________ ________ to bring 2 repelling charges together. | 58 | |
| 9259712973 | r^2 increases; electric force decreases; if force decreases, acceleration decreases; velocity is still increasing | Uranium problem: (FE = kqQ/r^2); Two + charges REPULSIVE force, as they move away from each other What happens to r^2, electric force, acceleration, and velocity? (a = Fnet/m) --> If __________ force _________, ACCELERATION _________ (even though velocity is still _________) | 59 | |
| 9259288732 | electrons | When placed one meter apart from each other, which will experience a GREATER ACCELERATION: 1 Coulomb of electrons or 1 Coulomb of protons? | 60 | |
| 9259323779 | greater acceleration; same force; smaller mass | 1 C of electrons will experience ___________ ACCELERATION than 1 C of protons 1 meter away, b/c they are subject to the SAME ________, but electrons have a _________ mass. | 61 | |
| 9259340449 | conductors: blood, copper, iron, sulfuric acid | blood, hair, copper, glass iron, sulfuric acid, distilled water- Which are conductors? | 62 | |
| 9259472836 | positive | If the E field lines point AWAY (radiate OUTWARD) from the SOURCE charge, the source charge must be __________. |  | 63 |
| 9259628945 | unchanged | If we double the test charge (q), how will the electric FIELD due to Q change? | 64 | |
| 9259618619 | left | If we put a positive test charge to the right of the NEGATIVE SOURCE charge, in which direction will it feel a force? | 65 | |
| 9259481555 | negative | If the E field lines point INWARD (TOWARD) a SOURCE charge, the source charge must be __________. |  | 66 |
| 9259612055 | N/C | Units of Electric FIELD | 67 | |
| 9259492861 | closer together = stronger | Where field lines are __________ __________, the electric field is STRONGER. | 68 | |
| 9259495554 | further apart | Where field lines are __________ __________, the electric field is WEAKER. | 69 | |
| 9259577983 | starting radiating out from positive; terminating on negative | You can also think of electric field lines STARTING at (radiating out from) __________ charges and ENDING at (terminating on) ____________ charges. | 70 | |
| 9259587644 | density | ______________ indicates strength of electric fields. | 71 | |
| 9259524265 | same | If the TEST CHARGE within a field is POSITIVE, the Electric FORCE vector will be in the ___________ direction as the Electric FIELD vector. (*Remember E Field lines point in the direction a POSITIVE TEST CHARGE would move in the presence of a source charge) | 72 | |
| 9259528438 | opposite | If the TEST CHARGE within a field is NEGATIVE, the Electric FORCE vector will be in the ___________ direction as the Electric FIELD vector. (*Remember E Field lines point in the direction a POSITIVE TEST CHARGE would move in the presence of a source charge) | 73 | |
| 9259456651 | Since E Field lines point in the direction a POSITIVE TEST CHARGE would move in the presence of a source charge, a POSITIVE SOURCE charge would cause the test charge to experience a _________ force and accelerate ________ from the positive source charge. Therefore, POSITIVE CHARGES have field lines radiate _________ (that point ________) from the (+) charge. | 74 | ||
| 9259445933 | repulsive force; accelerate away; radiate outward (point away) | A POSITIVE SOURCE charge would cause the test charge to experience a _________ force and accelerate ________ from the positive source charge. Therefore, POSITIVE CHARGES have field lines radiate _________ (that point ________) from the (+) charge. (E Field lines point in the direction a POSITIVE TEST CHARGE would move in the presence of a source charge) | 75 | |
| 9259407729 | positive test charge | By convention, the DIRECTION of the ELECTRIC FIELD vector is given as the direction a _________ test charge would move in the presence of the source charge. | 76 | |
| 9259342394 | hair, glass, distilled water | blood, hair, copper, glass iron, sulfuric acid, distilled water- Which are insulators? | 77 | |
| 9623028256 |  | 78 | ||
| 9623725223 |  | 79 | ||
| 9622832101 | (N s)/(m C) = N/(m A) | 1 Tesla = | 80 | |
| 9624342086 | 10^4 | 1 Tesla = _________gauss | 81 | |
| 9624348714 | vector sum | FIELD lines (electric and magnetic) NEVER cross, because they are a _________ ______ | 82 | |
| 9624353412 | moving charge | Magnetic fields are created by any __________ __________ (or magnetized object) | 83 | |
| 9624581007 | rate; change in charge/ change in time; I = deltaq/deltat | Current (I) = flow __________ of + charge = change in ________/ change in _________; I = | 84 | |
| 9624601859 | A = C/s | Current (I) is measured in _____, which = ______ | 85 | |
| 9627986094 | v and B are parallel or antiparallel | When will a wire NOT feel a magnetic force? |  | 86 |
| 9627995961 | B; v and Fb | v must have PERPENDICULAR component to ______; v and ___ must always be PERPENDICULAR | 87 | |
| 9628004975 | qv | RHR for magnetic FORCE: what direction does the THUMB point? | 88 | |
| 9628011617 | B field | RHR for magnetic FORCE: what direction do your FINGERS point in (what do they mimic)? | 89 | |
| 9628019507 | positive | RHR for magnetic FORCE: the PALM represents the direction of Magnetic FORCE felt by ___________ charge q | 90 | |
| 9628021757 | negative | RHR for magnetic FORCE: the BACK of palm represents the direction of Magnetic FORCE felt by ___________ charge q | 91 | |
| 9628024265 | Fb = qvB sintheta | Fb formula for MOVING CHARGE: | 92 | |
| 9628027120 | v and B | theta is smallest angle between | 93 | |
| 9628032384 | Fb = ILB sin theta | Fb formula for current-carrying WIRE: | 94 |