AP English Flashcards

12403976691	abstract language	describes ideas and qualities, rather than observable or specific things	0
12403976692	ad hominem	In an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."	1
12403976693	allegory	A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.	2
12403976694	alliteration	the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words	3
12403976695	allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event	4
12403976696	ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	5
12403976697	analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	6
12403976698	anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	7
12403976699	anecdote	a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person	8
12403976700	annotation	A brief explanation, summary, or evaluation of a text or work of literature.	9
12403976701	antithesis	the direct opposite, a sharp contrast	10
12403976702	assonance	Repetition of vowel sounds	11
12403976703	*asyndeton	omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words -NO conjunctions	12
12403976704	authority	the right to use power -ethos	13
12403976705	backing	Support or evidence for a claim in an argument	14
12403976706	balance	A sentence/argument in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions.	15
12403976707	begging the question	A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt.	16
12403976708	causal relationship	Form of argumentation in which the writer claims uses cause and effect and relates one argument to another	17
12403976709	chiasmus	A statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed	18
12403976710	common knowledge	Information that is readily available from a number of sources, or very well-known	19
12403976711	concrete language	describes specific, observable things rather than ideas or qualities	20
12403976712	connotation	All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests	21
12403976713	consonance	Repetition of consonant sounds	22
12403976714	conventional	usual, original, generally done	23
12403976715	cumulative	increasing, building upon itself	24
12403976716	deconstruction	the process of analyzing literature and writing in order to understand the language and meaning	25
12403976717	diction	A writer's or speaker's choice of words	26
12403976718	didactic	instructive	27
12403976719	dramatic irony	when a reader is aware of something that a character isn't	28
12403976720	either/or reasoning	An argument that something complex can be looked at in only two different ways	29
12403976721	elliptical	oval; ambiguous, either purposely or because key words have been left out; missing words	30
12403976722	emotional appeal	tries to persuade the reader by using words that appeal to the reader's emotions instead of to logic or reason	31
12403976723	epigraph	the use of a quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at its theme	32
12403976724	equivocation	When a writer uses the same term in two different senses in an argument.	33
12403976725	ethos	appealing to authority	34
12403976726	explication	The interpretation or analysis of a text.	35
12403976727	exposition	A narrative device, often used at the beginning of a work that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances.	36
12403976728	false analogy	an argument using an inappropriate metaphor	37
12403976729	figurative language	Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.	38
12403976730	freight - train	Sentence consisting of three or more very short independent clauses joined by conjunctions.	39
12404021076	Hyperbole	extreme exaggeration	40
12404021097	imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	41
12404027454	inversion (sentence)	inverted order of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb-object order)	42
12404027455	irony	the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning	43
12404032876	logos	an appeal based on logic or reason	44
12404036955	metaphor	a figure of speech that is used to make a comparison between two things that aren't alike but do have something in common (not using like or as)	45
12404046363	mood	Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader	46
12404048728	moral	a lesson taught by a literary work	47
12404051519	negative-positive	sentence that beings by stating what is not true, then by ending by stating what is true	48
12404054330	non-sequitur	A statement that does not follow logically from evidence	49
12404057651	objectivity	treating facts without influence from personal feelings or prejudices	50
12404059562	Onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	51
12404061281	oversimplification	description of something in a way that does not include all the facts or details (and that causes misunderstanding)	52
12404064024	oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase	53
12404067038	paradox	A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth	54
12404069600	parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	55
12404071837	parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule	56
12404074301	pathos	Appeal to emotion	57
12404076392	periodic	Sentence that places the main idea or central complete thought at the end of the sentence, after all introductory elements	58
12404076393	persona	an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting	59
12404078745	personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	60
12404078747	point of view	the perspective from which a story is told	61
12404082013	*Polysyndeton	the use, for rhetorical effect, of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural -MANY conjunctions	62
12404087313	post hoc, ergo propter hoc	after this, therefore because of this	63
12404095809	Red Herring	When a writer raises an irrelevant issue to draw attention away from the real issue	64
12404098766	refutation	a denial of the validity of an opposing argument	65
12404101320	repetition	Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis	66
12404101322	rhetoric	the art of using language effectively and persuasively	67
12404104429	satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.	68
12404109153	sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt	69
12404109154	simile	A comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as"	70
12404114198	Straw Man	A fallacy that occurs when a speaker chooses a deliberately poor or oversimplified example in order to ridicule and refute an idea	71
12404116436	Style	the choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work	72
12404118643	Symbol	A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract	73
12404124241	Syntax	Sentence structure	74
12404127637	Theme	Central idea of a work of literature	75
12404127638	Tone	Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character	76
12404130341	tricolon	Sentence consisting of three parts of equal importance and length, usually three independent clauses	77
12404133958	unity	the topic, supporting sentences, the detail sentences and (sometimes) the concluding sentence all tell the reader about ONE main topic	78
12404147572	verbal irony	A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant (sarcasm)	79