AP US History CH. 19 Flashcards
1877-1900
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| 9785895773 | Gilded Age | - late 19th century - refers to the superficial glitter of the new wealth - more show than substabce - forgettable presidents - two parties didnt take stands | 0 | |
| 9785895774 | Causes of this complacency | - prevailing political ideology - campaign tactics - party patronage | 1 | |
| 9785895775 | belief in government of the time | - "do little" government - laissez-faire - social Darwinism | 2 | |
| 9785895776 | campaign strategy | - objective to get vote and not alienate voters - brass bands, flags, buttons, picnics, free beer - issue-free campaigns brought out 80% Which is very high | 3 | |
| 9785895777 | Republicans | - waving the bloody shirt about the Civil War in the North - business men, middle class - Anglo-Saxon Protestants - supported temperance or prohibition - follows Hamilton and the Whigs - pro-business and High tariffs | 4 | |
| 9785895778 | Democrats | - big city political machines - support from ex-confederate states - immigrant vote - Catholics, Lutherans, Jews - against temperance - states rights, small fed govt - Jefferson | 5 | |
| 9785895779 | Stalwarts | Republicans fighting for civil service reform during Garfield's term; they supported Cleveland. | 6 | |
| 9785895780 | Halfbreeds | A political faction of the Republican Party; favored civil-service reform and the merit system | 7 | |
| 9785895781 | Mugwumps | a person who remains aloof or independent, especially from party politics. | 8 | |
| 9785895782 | Rutherford B. Hayes | - 1876 - ended reconstruction by pulling out troops in South - temperance - vetoed efforts to stop Chinese immigration | 9 | |
| 9785895783 | James Garfield | - 1881 - put halfbreeds in office - was shot by a Stalwart and died (shows party patronage because the guy shot him based on party differences) | 10 | |
| 9785895784 | Chester A Arthur | - 1881 - bill reforming in civil service - expanded govt employees - developed navy more - questioned tariffs | 11 | |
| 9785895785 | Election of 1884 | Cleveland (Dem) defeats Blaine (Rep) | 12 | |
| 9785895786 | Cleveland's politics | - limited gov't - Jefferson - civil service system - vetoed private pension bills - signed Interstate Commerce Act - signed Dawes Act (help Native Americans) | 13 | |
| 9785895787 | The Pendleton Act of 1881 | - set up the Civil Service Commission - people for fed jobs decided on scores on tests (not party patronage) - now civil servants couldn't fund a politicians campaign (they turned to rich) | 14 | |
| 9785895788 | What debtors and farmers and start up businesses wanted with money system | - easy money - borrow money at lower interest rates - pay off loans easily - blamed gold standard for panic - advocated for paper money and unlimited coinage of silver | 15 | |
| 9791625774 | What bankers, creditors, investors, and businesses wanted with the money system | - hard money - currency backed by gold | 16 | |
| 9791625775 | Greenback Party | - northern farmers prospered from use of paper money - creditors and investors did not - congress sided with creditors and passed the Specie Resumption Act which withdrew greenbacks - supporters of paper money formed this party | 17 | |
| 9791625776 | Argument on tariffs | - southern and northern democrats against high tariffs - other nations places tariffs on their own products - American farmers had to lower farm prices and profits | 18 | |
| 9791625777 | Election of 1888 | Democrats - Cleveland - lower tariff Republicans - Harrison - high tariff *Harrison won | 19 | |
| 9791625778 | The McKinley Tariff of 1890 | raised the tariff | 20 | |
| 9791625779 | Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 | increased the coinage of silver, but too little to satisfy miners and farmers | 21 | |
| 9791625780 | Omaha Platform | - Populist party met in Omaha They believed in: - direct popular election of senators - allow citizens to vote directly on laws - unlimited coinage of silver - graduated income tax - public ownership of RR's by gov't - telegraph and telephones operated by gov't - loans for farmers - eight hour work day | 22 | |
| 9791625781 | Election of 1892 | Cleveland (Dem) defeats Harrison (Rep) and Weaver (Populist) | 23 | |
| 9791625782 | Panic of 1893 | - stock market crashed because of over-speculation - railroads went into bankruptcy - lasted nearly 4 years - farm foreclosures - unemployment at 20% - Cleveland did nothing | 24 | |
| 9791625783 | Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894 | - provided a moderate reduction in tariff rates - 2% income tax on rich - but then Sup Court declared income tax unconstitutional | 25 | |
| 9791625784 | "Coxey's Army" | March to Washington let by Populist Jacob Coxey that demanded federal government to make jobs | 26 | |
| 9791625785 | Democrats in election of 1896 | * turning point in politics - "Cross of Gold" speech - William Jennings Bryan - unlimited coinage of silver - taken over populist party - other democrats against silver formed the National Democratic Party | 27 | |
| 9791625786 | Republicans in election of 1896 | - William McKinley - high tariff - gold standard | 28 | |
| 9791625787 | Campaign of 1896 election | - Bryan traveled and gave speeches - McKinley had Hanna do his campaign - he talked about how silver sucked *McKinley won | 29 | |
| 9791625788 | Dingley Tariff of 1897 | - increased tariff - in 1900 gold became official standard of US currency | 30 | |
| 9791625789 | Significance of election of 1896 | - marked end of stalemate - initiated an era of Republican dominance - Populist party stopped - victory for business - America would become a player in international affairs | 31 |