AP US History Period 4 Review Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Period 4: 1800 - 1848 Chapter 7 - 11

13938472967	Second Great Awakenings	Religious movement that began in the early decades of the 19th century. Reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment. In the northern states it touched off social reform.	0
13938473002	market revolution	Starting in the early 19th century, produced vast economic growth, mass produced goods.	1
13938473003	Thomas Jefferson	Washington's first secretary of state. A Democrat-Republican, he was the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809.	2
13938473004	Battle of New Orleans	General Andrew Jackson won this in 1815. The War of 1812 had officially ended two weeks earlier, but word had not yet reached the United States.	3
13938473005	Era of Good Feelings	Term to describe James Monroe's period as president (1817-1825). The Democratic-Republicans party dominated politics.	4
13938472968	Jacksonian Democracy	The time period 1829 to 1837, also known as the Age of the Common Man.	5
13938473006	Indian Removal Act	President Andrew Jackson supported this. By 1835 most of the eastern tribes had reluctantly moved to an area in today's Oklahoma.	6
13938473007	Romanticism in art and literature	Evoked the wonder of the nation's landscape. The Hudson River School of painters were the most prominent.	7
13938473008	Nullification Crisis	In 1832, South Carolina passed a resolution forbidding the collection of tariffs in the state. Jackson threatened use of federal troops against South Carolina.	8
13938473009	Elizabeth Cady Stanton	A women's rights reformer who was not allowed to speak at an antislavery convention.	9
13938473010	cotton gin	This machine was invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. It removed seeds from plant fibers.	10
13938473011	War Hawks	Led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun; argued that war with Britain was the only way to defend American honor, gain Canada, and destroy American Indian resistance on the frontier.	11
13938472969	William Lloyd Garrison	Advocated the immediate emancipation of slaves without compensation to their owners. He was also the writer of the "Liberator."	12
13938472970	Lucretia Mott	Early feminist who advocated for women's rights and against slavery.	13
13938473012	Republican Motherhood/Cult of Domesticity	After industrialization occurred women became the moral leaders in the home and educators of children. Men were responsible for economic and political affairs.	14
13938472971	Sectionalism: The North	Largely urban population that worked in factories.	15
13938472972	Sectionalism: The South	Largely agricultural, mostly cotton from 1830-1850.	16
13938472973	Sectionalism: The West	Largely trapping and hunting, citizens lived a secluded life away from others.	17
13938472974	Democratic-Republicans	Favored the common man, weak central government, hated the National Bank, was pro-immigration, wanted slow and cautious westward expansion.	18
13938472975	Federalists	Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank, limited immigration, slow/against westward expansion.	19
13938472976	National Republicans	Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank, favored internal improvements.	20
13938472977	Whigs	Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank and Internal Improvements, limited immigration, slow/against westward expansion; above all else HATED Andrew Jackson.	21
13938472978	Impressment	Practice of the British navy of stealing Americans and forcing them into service in the British Navy.	22
13938472979	Treaty of Ghent	Ended the War of 1812, establish status quo antebellum.	23
13938472980	Oliver Hazard Perry	"We have met the enemy, and they are ours." Battle of Lake Erie.	24
13938472981	Frances Scott Key	Wrote the Star Spangled banner at the Battle of Fort McHenry.	25
13938473013	Monroe Doctrine	Warning European powers to refrain from seeking any new territories in the Americas.	26
13938473014	Missouri Compromise	An 1820 compromise crafted by Henry Clay; prohibited slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36 30.	27
13938472982	King Andrew	Nickname given to President Andrew Jackson when his opponents did not like his use of the veto power.	28
13938473015	Nat Turner Rebellion	In 1831, this Virginia slave led a revolt in which 55 whites were killed. In retaliation, whites killed hundreds of African American and put down the revolt.	29
13938472983	Marbury v. Madison	Established the Supreme Court's policy of judicial review.	30
13938473016	American System	Henry Clay proposed this to advance the nation's economy. It consisted of: * Protective Tariffs: * National Bank * Internal Improvements	31
13938473017	The Lowell Mill Factory	The system that recruited young farm women to work in the textile mills. They were housed in company dormitories near the mills.	32
13938473018	Seneca Falls Convention	In 1848 women's rights movement wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments", which declared all men and women equal and listed grievances.	33
13938473019	Transcendentalists	They questioned the doctrines of established churches and business practices of the merchant class. Mystical and intuitive way of thinking to discover inner self and look for essence of God in nature.	34
13938473020	Trail of Tears	In 1838 the U.S. Army forced 15,000 Cherokees to leave Georgia and move to Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokees died on the march.	35
13938473021	Hartford Convention (1814)	A meeting was held due to opposition to the the War of 1812; some radical Federalist in the Northeast want to secede from the United States, but that it was rejected.	36
13938472984	Panic 1837	Was a result of Jackson's defeat of the National Bank.	37
13938472985	Martin Van Buren	Became President after Andrew Jackson, won the election because of Jackson's popularity. Was faced with economic troubles.	38
13938472986	Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!	William Henry Harrison's campaign slogan.	39
13938472987	Tecumseh	He said, "They have pushed us from the seas to the lakes, we can go no further." Advocated fighting Americans to stop westward progression and renew British alliances.	40
13938472988	The Prophet	Advocated relocation rather than fighting Americans westward progression in order to preserve remnants of Native culture.	41
13938472989	The Embargo of 1807	Cut off all US trade with the world, attempting to maintain American neutrality.	42
13938472990	Macon's Bill no. 2	Allowed the US to trade with either Great Britain or France depending on who recognized American sovereignty and neutrality first.	43
13938472991	Adams-Onis Treaty	Grave the United States Florida in exchange for taking on Spain's $5 million debt to American citizens.	44
13938472992	Old Hickory	Nickname for Andrew Jackson gained from the Battle of New Orleans.	45
13938472993	Treaty of 1818	Granted the United States join occupation of Oregon with Great Britain.	46
13938472994	Worcester v. Georgia	Supreme Court case regarding Cherokee rights to land in the United States.	47
13938472995	John Q. Adams	Elected in 1824 as a result of a bargain struck by Henry Clay. Republican	48
13938472996	The Tariff of 1828	Increased taxes on imported goods to almost 50%; which positively effected American manufacturing.	49
13938472997	Force Bill	Permitted Andrew Jackson to organize troops to prevent South Carolina from secession.	50
13938472998	Henry Clay	A northern American politician. He developed the American System as well as negotiated numerous compromises.	51
13938472999	Virginia Dynasty	Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe	52
13938473000	Results of the War of 1812	-American Nationalism -War Heroes -Death of the Federalist Party	53
13938477731	panic of 1819	Economic panic caused by extensive speculation and a decline of Europena demand for American goods along with mismanagement within the Second Bank of the United States. Often cited as the end of the Era of Good Feelings.	54
13938493405	McCulloch v. Maryland	Maryland was trying to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law was stronger than the state law	55
13938500704	State vs. Federal	state governments have more responsibility for public education than the federal government	56
13938500705	Fletcher v. Peck	Supreme Court case which protected property rights and asserted the right to invalidate state laws in conflict with the Constitution	57
13938502891	Dartmouth College v. Woodward	1819--New Hampshire had attempted to take over Dartmouth College by revising its colonial charter. The Court ruled that the charter was protected under the contract clause of the U. S. Constitution; upholds the sanctity of contracts.	58
13938543753	Kitchen Cabinet	The informal advisers to the president.	59
13938550090	Spoils System	A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.	60