AP Government Chapter 13 Flashcards

12614337176	Bicameral Legislature	A lawmaking body made up of two chambers or parts.	0
12614337177	Filibuster	An attempt to defeat a bill in the Senate by talking indefinitely, thus preventing the Senate from taking action to the bill	1
12614337178	Marginal District	Political districts in which candidates elected to the House of Representatives win in close elections, typically by less than 55% of the vote.	2
12614337179	Franking Privilege	The ability of members to mail letters to their constituents free of charge by substituting their facsimile signature for postage.	3
12614337180	Conservative Coaliton	Alliance between Republicans and conservative Democrats	4
12614337181	Majority Leader	The legislative leader elected by party members holding the majority of seats in the House or the Senate. Senate Majority Leader: Mitch McConnell (aka Turtle Man) (R) KY. House Majority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R) CA.	5
12614337182	Minority Leader	Legislative leader elected by minority party members. Representative of lesser party	6
12614337183	Party Whip	A senator or representative who helps the party leader stay informed about what party members are thinking. A party leader who makes certain that party members are present for a vote and vote the way the party wishes.	7
12614337185	Congressional Caucus	A group of Congress members that meet to pursue common legislative objectives.	8
12614337186	Standing Committee	Permanently established legislative committees that consider and are responsible for legislation within a certain subject area.	9
12614337187	Select Committee	Congressional committees appointed for a limited time and purpose.	10
12614337188	Joint Committee	Committees on which both senators and representatives serve.	11
12614337189	Conference Committee	A joint committee appointed to resolve differences in the Senate and House versions of the same bill.	12
12614337190	Safe District	Districts in which incumbents win by margins of 55% or more.	13
12614337191	Joint Resolution	Formal expression of congressional opinion. Must be approved by both houses and president. A law	14
12614337192	Simple Resolution	An expression of opinion either in the House or Senate to settle procedural matters in either body.	15
12614337193	Concurrent Resolution	An expression of opinion without the force of law that requires the approval of both the House and the Senate, but not the president.	16
12614337194	Discharge Petition	A device by which any member of the House, after a committee has had the bill for thirty days, may petition to have brought to the floor.	17
12614337195	Closed Rule	An order from the House Rules Committee that sets a time limit on debate; forbids a bill from being amended on the floor.	18
12614337196	Open Rule	An order from the House Rules Committee that permits a bill to be amended on the floor.	19
12614337197	Quorum	The minimum number of members who must be present for business to be conducted in Congress.	20
12614337198	Rider	A provision added to a piece of legislation that is not germane to the bill's purpose.	21
12614337199	Cloture Rule	A rule used by the Senate to end or limit debate. Can break filibuster by 3/5 of the vote. Nuclear option	22
12614337200	Pork Barrel Legislation	Legislation that gives tangible benefits to constituents in several districts or states in the hope of winning their votes in return.	23
12614337204	Speaker	Presiding officer of the H.O.R. and the leader of his party in the house	24
12614337205	Divided Government	One party controls the White House and another controls one or both houses	25
12614337206	Unified Government	Same party controls the White House and both houses	26
12614341568	majority-minority districts	Congressional district where a majority of voters are racial/ethnic minorities	27
12614346406	descriptive representation	when citizens are represented by elected officials from their same racial/ethnic background	28
12614350457	substantive representation	ability of citizens to elect officials who will have policies that they favor enacted into law	29
12614363462	party vote	A vote where most Democrats are on one side of the bill, and most Republicans are on the other.	30
12614375198	restrictive rule	an order from the House Rules Committee that permits certain kinds of amendments but not others to be made into a bill on the floor	31
12614377070	double tracking	A procedure to keep the Senate going during a filibuster in which the disputed bill is shelved temporarily so that the Senate can get on with other business.	32
12614378405	voice vote	A congressional voting procedure in which members shout "yea" in approval or "nay" in disapproval, permitting members to vote quickly or anonymously on bills	33
12614380083	division vote	a congressional voting procedure in which members stand and are counted	34
12614381430	roll-call vote	A congressional voting procedure that consists of members answering "yea" or "nay" to their names.	35
12614390364	teller vote	A congressional voting procedure in which members pass between two tellers, the "yeas" first and the "nays" second.	36