AP World History Midterm Flashcards

16421845287	Judaism Founder	Abraham	0
16421851564	Christianity Founder	Jesus	1
16421851565	Islam Founder	Muhammad	2
16421853504	Hinduism Founder	No historical founder	3
16421858435	Buddhism Founder	Siddhartha Gautama	4
16421861613	Confucianism Founder	Confucius	5
16421874697	Daoism Founder	Lao Tzu	6
16421886969	Judaism Founding Location	Israel	7
16421886970	Christianity Founding Location	Palistine/Israel	8
16421892826	Islam Founding Location	Arabian Peninsula	9
16421895865	Hinduism Founding Location	India	10
16421899009	Buddhism Founding Location	South Asia	11
16421901872	Confucianism Founding Location	Song Dynasty China	12
16421910664	Daoism Founding Location	China	13
16421921504	Filial Piety	Confucian thought where children must have respect for parents and elders	14
16421929496	Footbinding	Male-imposed practice that came with confucianism to mutilate women's feet in order to reduce size; produced pain and restricted movement; helped to confine women to the household.	15
16421944387	Ancestor Veneration	The dead have a continued existence, and may possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living, the worship of deceased ancestors connected with confucianism	16
16421952283	Scholar Gentry	Chinese class created by the marital linkage of the local land-holding aristocracy with the office-holding Shi; superseded Shi as governors of China.	17
16422002025	Exam System	A series of exams men passed in order to become scholar elite in China	18
16422008405	5 Key Relationships of Confucianism	Father - Son Husband - Wife Leader - Subject Older brother - Younger brother Friend - Friend	19
16422020288	Trade routes from the time of Greece to the Song	Indian Ocean Trans Saharan Silk Road Mediterranean	20
16422039728	5 Pillars of Islam	Declaration of faith Obligatory prayer Compulsory giving Fasting in the month of Ramadan Pilgrimage to Mecca	21
16422059251	Ways Islam Spread	Trade Conquest Diasporic communities Pilgrimage to Mecca Sufi Missionaries	22
16422080768	Key terms from Islamic Caliphates	Jizya House of Wisdom Sufi Mystics Battle of Tours Cordoba Baghdad	23
16422086958	Jizya Tax	Non Muslims had to pay it in exchange for protection and keeping their religion	24
16422097158	House of Wisdom in Baghdad	Large Islamic-based Library and learning center. Focus of conversion of Greek and Roman classics and Indian learning into Arabic. Preserved knowledge in Abbasid Caliphate	25
16422103754	Sufi Mystics	Visited conquered/converted lands and attempted to bring popularity for Islam. They didn't follow strict doctrine styles like scholars but emphasized piety and devotion to Allah. They said other traditional deities were manifestations of Allah. Due to their flexible style of conversion, they were not as hated upon like doctrinaire campaigners.	26
16422140800	Battle of Tours	European armies defeat Muslim armies and stop the spread of Islam in Europe	27
16422143475	Cordoba	Capital of Muslim Spain, an economic center, hundreds of workshops, culture and learning flourished there	28
16422149060	Baghdad	Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon. Center for House of Wisdom	29
16422160529	Umayyad Dynasty	Capital - Damascus Language - Arabic Type of Islam - Sunni Area Conquered - North Africa, Spain	30
16422169638	Abbasid Caliphate	Capital - Baghdad Language - Persian Type of Islam - Shia Area Conquered - West Asia, Middle East, Northeast Africa	31
16422201838	What diffuses or exchanged along trade routes	Religion Disease Luxury Goods Technology Culture Knowledge Food	32
16422217270	Key cities of the Indian Ocean Trade	Africa: Kilwa, Zanzibar, Mombasa, Mozambique India: Calicut, Mumbai SE Asia: Malacca, Java China: Canton Japan: Nagasaki	33
16422234919	Significance of the Crusades	1. Spread Christianity 2. United East Orthodox and Catholic Churches 3. Disease 4. Reopened trade routes	34
16422263369	Gold Salt Trade Empires	Ghana Mali Songhai	35
16422273595	Ibn Battuta	Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan.	36
16422285613	Marco Polo	Italian explorer and author. He made numerous trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time period	37
16422409450	Mansa Musa	Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East	38
16422409451	Margery Kempe	Chronicles her pilgrimages to holy sites in Europe and Asia. Claimed to have vision that called her to leave the vanities of the world. Acts as best insight that points to a mid. class female experience in the Middle Ages. Records the tension in late medieval England between orthodoxy and religious dissent.	39
16422433669	Importance of Architecture	Legitimize rule Cultural diffusion Shows who ruled when	40
16422438823	Islamic Political Entities	Safavid Empire Mughal Empire Umayyad Caliphate Ottoman Empire Mamluk Seljuk Delhi Sultinate Abbasid Caliphate	41
16422450775	Political States in the Americas	Aztec Inca Maya Olmecs Mississippian Civilization Mesa Verde Chaco	42
16422487824	Aztec Empire	Divine emperor Women leaders Human sacrifice Rituals Chinampas	43
16422498057	Inca Empire	Quipu Royal ancestor veneration Mita system Human sacrifice Waru waru	44
16422508063	Waru waru	Agricultural techniques of south america; combines raised beds with irrigation channels to prevent erosion	45
16422513487	Quipu	An arrangement of knotted strings on a cord, used by the Inca to record numerical information	46
16422516247	Mita system	The system recruiting workers for particularly difficult and dangerous chores that free laborers would not accept	47
16422536390	Ottoman Empire	Janissary corps Sultans Trade was nearly regulated Use of art to legitimize rule Tax farming Devshirme	48
16422544635	Safavid	Shahs Elaborate court rituals Mullahs Silk fabric/rugs Women face disadvantages Collapsed from constant attacks	49
16422560987	Columbian Exchange America to Europe	Crops: Tobacco, cacao, potatoes, corn Animals: Turkey, llamas Disease: Syphilis	50
16422576534	Columbian Exchange Europe to Americas	Crops: Citrus, sugar, bananas, coffee beans Animals: Cattle, horses Disease: Smallpox, influenza, typhus	51
16422603856	Innovations for trade	lateen sails, magnetic compass, dhow, junk, caravan, rudder, astrolabe, camel saddle, caravanserai, flying money	52
16422639923	Establishing bureaucracies in land based empires	Manchu, Mughal, Ottoman, Russian	53
16422645630	Tax collection of land based empires	Bills of exchange Banking houses Hanseatic league Zamindars	54
16422660107	Foods introduced to America by African slaves	Watermelon, okra, coffee	55
16422664944	Chinese dynasties	Qin Han Sui Tang Song Yuan Ming Qing	56
16422675619	Mughal leaders	Babur, Akbar, Shah Janan	57
16422685838	Ashoka	Leader of the Mauryan dynasty of India who conquered most of India but eventually gave up violence and converted to Buddhism	58
16422688351	Constantine	Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians	59
16422688352	Vladimir	Russian ruler who chose Byzantine Christianity as the official religion of the Russian state (Kiev Rus)	60
16422695840	Slave resistance in empires	Pugachev (Russian peasants) Stono Rebellion	61
16422703423	Continuities in China	Scholar gentry, ancestor veneration, filial piety, mandate of heaven, tributary system, exam system, maritime and silk road trade, confuciansim	62
16422724782	Theravada Buddhism	The oldest of the two major branches of Buddhism. Practiced mainly in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, and Cambodia, its beliefs are relatively conservative, holding close to the original teachings of the Buddha	63
16422815336	Mahayana Buddhism	The focus is on reverence for Buddha and for bodhisattvas, enlightened persons who have postponed nirvana to help others attain enlightenment. Located in China and Tibet	64
16422837093	Vajrayana Buddhism	Formed in Tibet; a mixture of indigenous religion and Buddhism; emphasizes the physical body	65
16422845037	Empires that relied on mercenaries	Rome, Qin, Han, Byzantine, Carthage, Ottoman	66
16422850617	Important groups in empires	Mughals: Zamindars, Rajput Princes Ottoman: Devshirme/Janissary Russian: Hanseatic League China: Manchu Safavid: Mullahs	67
16422884456	Different types of missionaries	Catholic, Jesuits, Orthodox Church, Sufis	68
16422890449	Monumental architecture	Taj Mahal, Palace of Versailles, Hagia Sophia, St Petersberg	69
16422898859	Religion Legitimacy	Zheng He voyages, Mansa Musa, Missionaries	70
16422903978	Art Legitimacy	Miniature paintings, imperial portraits	71
16422911637	Joint Stock Companies	Businesses formed by groups of people who jointly make an investment and share in the profits and losses. British East India, Dutch East India, Virginia East India	72
16422920492	Syncretic religions	Din-I-Ilha Sikhism Voodoo Neoconfuciansim	73
16422930085	Control of Indian Ocean Trade	Dutch, India, British, Spain, Portugal, Muslim	74
16422942209	Silver Inflation in...	Ottoman, India, China	75
16422945616	Most Valuable Cash Crops in Americas	Sugar, tobacco, cotton	76
16422949185	Rebellions	Manchus, cossacks, samurai revolts, slave in Caribbean	77
16422954146	Luxury Trade Goods	Silk, porcalain, gold, silver, spices, ivory	78
16422958681	Class system areas	Cast - Spain, Portugal Feudalsim - Europe Japan (Shogun, daiymo)	79
16422971531	Slave destinations in order of percentage	Caribbean Brazil Americas	80
16422984876	Types of coerced labor systems	Mita system, encomienda, slaves	81
16422988172	Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England?	Coal, engineers, machinists, technological advances, agricultural techniques	82
16422997168	Problems with urbanization	Disease, overpopulation, crime, pollution, deforestation, child and women labor in factories	83
16423005483	Chartist movement	In 19th century Britain, members of the working class demanded reforms in Parliament and in elections, including suffrage for all men; increased political participation	84
16423023877	Bismark and Germany	In order to unify Germany, he created a public pension system, public health care, and a "parliament"	85
16423030320	Political philosophies of the industrial age	Anarchism Utopian socialism Capitalism Classical liberalism	86
16423040426	Workers collective bargain for	Working conditions, limit hours, gain higher wages	87