AP US History Chapter 10 Flashcards

15576045615	Washington as President	-Unanimously elected by the Electoral College, who was not necessarily angled for office who established a cabinet to help be the heads of the executive-branch departments	0
15576171359	Bill of Rights	-The first ten amendments of the Constitution written by James Madison that assured individual rights for all citizens	1
15576224605	10th Amendment	-The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people -Considered the most important amendment of the Bill of Rights	2
15576297907	Accomplishments of the First Congress	1. Created President's cabinet 2. Passed the first tariff 3. Bill of Rights established 4. Set up the judicial system, with James Jay as Chief Justice of the United States	3
15576459675	Hamilton's Plan to Solve Debt	-Wanted the government to repay all of the federal and state debt, with bigger states wanting the plan but smaller states not -Got his way in an agreement that the District of Columbia would be established on the Potomac River, pleasing a reluctant Virginia	4
15576561008	Hamilton's Plan to Pay Debt	-Hamilton proposed the Tariff of 1789, which proposed an 8% value on imports -Hamilton also proposed the Whiskey Tax, which the goal was to insure additional money -It should be noted that although his plans were intended to pay off the insane debt, Hamilton also hoped that the money could kick off an Industrial Revolution within America	5
15576975993	Hamilton's Bank	Hamilton used the "necessary and proper" clause to authorized Congress to do whatever was necessary to carry a national bank of sorts -Wealthy American investors would fund the bank allowing it to issue paper money and deal with government funds. -The national bank was a huge controversy as it gave a huge amount of power to the federal government, something anti-federalists feared -However at the same time it took care of national debt which was the goal	6
15577056887	The Whiskey Rebellion	-In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey -The army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion, which showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem unlike with Shay's	7
15577110318	Two-Party System	-A political system dominated by two major parties in America that existed following intense political feud between Jefferson and Hamilton over revenue-raising and thus created a two party system that started in Congress and then emerged within the citizens	8
15594390544	Neutrality Proclamation	-stated that the United States would not take sides with any European countries that were at war, as the nation was new and did not want to cause potential problems	9
15594363468	Adams vs. Jefferson	-First real election candidates, ends with a 71-68 vote in the electoral college -Leader of the Democratic-Republicans on one side, and the Vice President on the other	10
15594390545	Treaty of Greenville	-Gave the United States claim to most Indian lands in the Northwest Territory after winning the battle for it, most land was in Ohio	11
15594390546	John Jay's Plan	-Britain promised to evacuate the posts on British soil, as well as pay damage to the American ships they had done, but America had to pay the British on pre-Revolutionary accounts -The people believed that Jay was a traitor because he was engaging in deals with the British, and were fearful	12
15594469227	XYZ Affair	-Following France's dislike of Jay's Plan, France began to feel worried that Britain and America would become allies, and they began seizing American vessels in the ocean -America sent John Marshall and other men to meet with the French foreign minister, but three men appeared and demanded $250,000 to speak to the minister, which the Americans were outraged -Made the Federalists laugh at the Democratic-Republicans that their "friend" would go against them, and made Americans want to retaliate against Great Britain once again	13
15594711706	Convention of 1800	-A conference between the U.S. and France which ended the naval hostilities after Adams did not want to bring war to a new country -France agreed to stop the hostile, as long as America payed for the naval damage	14
15594846578	Alien Laws	-Although never fully established, acts passed by a Federalist Congress raising the residency requirement for citizenship to fourteen years to prevent Jeffersonians from getting more votes as immigrants typically voted that way	15
15594961608	Sedation Laws	-Laws that were passed by the Federalist-Congress that made talk against President Adams or any Federalist in politics illegal -Despite being unconstitutional, a Federalist-filled Supreme Court let the law slide	16
15595100615	Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions	-Written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, they declared that states could nullify federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional	17
15595388420	Federalist Beliefs	-Leaders: Alexander Hamilton and John Adams -Appealed To: Manufacturers, Merchants, Wealthy and Educated, Seaboard Cities -Government Ideals: Strong Government over the States but Loose Interpretation of the Constitution, Limit Freedoms of Speech and Press -Domestic Policy: Supported National Bank, Excise tax, National government pay for State Debt, High Tariffs, National government pay National Debt -Foreign Policy: Opposed the French Revolution, wanted War against the French, Favored British	18
15595534847	Democratic-Republican Beliefs	-Leaders: Thomas Jefferson and James Madison -Appealed To: Farmers, Planters, Common Man, South and the West -Government Ideals: States Rights over the National Government, Strict Constitution Interpretation, Bill of Rights very important, lesser government -Domestic Policy: Against National Bank, No Excise Tax, State and Nation Pay Own Debt, Low Tariffs -Foreign Policy: Supported French Revolution, no War against the French, Favored French	19