Biochemistry Flashcards

11603460640	Carbohydrate	Sugars and starches. Used for quick energy. Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Ends in OSE	0
11603460641	Lipid	Fats, oils and waxes, made up of glycerol and 3 fatty acids. A secondary source of energy	1
11603460642	Protein	Used for tissue repair and growth. Made up of Amino Acids	2
11603460643	Nucleic Acids	DNA and RNA. Made up of nucleotides	3
11603460644	Monosaccharide	simple sugar. Ex. Glucose	4
11603460645	Disaccharide	2 Simple sugars together. ex. Maltose, sucrose	5
11603460646	Polysaccharide	many simple sugars combined together. Ex. Starch. cellulose	6
11603460647	Dehydration Synthesis	Process of removing a water molecule to combine substances	7
11603460648	Hydrolysis	Process of adding a water molecule back into a molecule to break it down(split apart). AKA Digestion	8
11603460649	Glucose (simple sugar)	Building block of carbohydrates	9
11603460650	Amino Acids	Building blocks of proteins	10
11603460651	Glycerol and 3 fatty acids	Building blocks of Lipids	11
11603460652	Nucleotides	Building block of Nucleic acids	12
11603460653	Peptide bond	type of bond that creates proteins	13
11603460654	polypeptide	fancy name for proteins	14
11603460655	Iodine	Starch indicator that turns from amber to blue/black in the presence of Starch	15
11603460656	Benedict's solution	Glucose indicator, changes from blue to orange in the presence of glucose (with heat)	16
11603460657	Biurets	Indicator for protein, changes from blue to pinkish/purple in the presence of protein	17
11603460658	organic	substance that contain Carbon AND Hydrogen together. Ex. C6H12O6 OR CH4	18
11603460659	Inorganic	substances that DO NOt HAVE Carbon AND Hydrogen EX. H2O OR CO2	19
11603460660	Enzymes	organic catalysts that speed up reaction rates. End in ASE. Ex. Maltase	20
11603460661	Active site	Place where reaction takes place in an enzyme	21
11603460662	Temperature, pH, concentration of enzymes or substrate	Factors that affect enzyme rate	22
11603460663	Substrate	molecule that is being transformed (worked on) by enzymes	23
11603460664	Enzyme/Substrate Complex	when the enzyme and the substrate are actively reacting together	24
11603460665	Denature	when the active site of an enzyme becomes deformed from either temperature or pH changes causing to not work	25
11603460666	Reactants	the substances needed to complete a chemical reaction. Found on the left side of a written chemical reaction	26
11603460667	Products	the substances "produced" by the chemical reaction. Found on the right side of the written reaction	27
11603460668	Activation energy	The energy needed to start a chemical reaction	28
11603460669	Enzymes	Needed for the synthesis of most materials in an organism	29
11603460670	Biological catalyst	Another name for an enzyme	30
11603460671	Enzyme shape	What allows enzymes to work in very specific ways?	31
11603460672	Too high temperature, wrong pH	How can denaturing take place?	32
11603460673	Enzymes	"ase"is an ending for...	33
11603460674	Carbohydrates	Glycogen is a type of sugar belonging to which group of macromolecules?	34
11603460675	Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids	All living cells have these macromolecules	35