AP World History Chapter 2 (Early Civilizations) Flashcards
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| 7393076466 | Aryans | -Indo-European nomadic pastoralists who replaced Harappan civilization -militarized society | 0 | |
| 7392942180 | Civilizations (Working Definition) | 1. greater economic surplus 2. writing 3.formal government with bureaucracies 4. urban centers | 1 | |
| 7392948386 | Mesopotamia | -Tigris-Euphrates river valley (Sumerians) -cuneiform -polytheistic -monumental architecture(Ziggurats) -math -city-states -slavery -pessimistic | 2 | |
| 7392957947 | Cuneiform | form of writing using clay tablets | 3 | |
| 7392961744 | Who did Mesopotamia fall to? | Akkadians, then Babylonians | 4 | |
| 7392964148 | King Hammurabi importance | -law codes (to help promote consistency) -most important ruler of Babylonian empire | 5 | |
| 7392966871 | Egypt | -Nile River -Unified regional kingdom -Monumental architecture (pyramids) -Hieroglyphics -Pharaohs -Polytheistic -Optimistic -Aryans (Indo-European) -Epic/Vedas Ages -Polythesitc --> Hinduism -Caste System | 6 | |
| 7392975837 | Indus River Valley | -Harappa/Mohenjo-daro(very advanced except in wars) -Planned cities with sewage system -Trade with Mesopotamia -Writing | 7 | |
| 7392983276 | Indus River Valley Decline | -natural/environmental causes -invaders -nomadic migrations | 8 | |
| 7393019473 | Sumerians | people who migrated to Mesopotamia` | 9 | |
| 7393025236 | Ziggurats | massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian tempe complexes | 10 | |
| 7393030363 | City-state | -form of political organization typical of Mesopotamia civilizations -consisted of agricultural hinterlands ruled by an urban-based king | 11 | |
| 7393040247 | Babylonians | -unified all of Mesopotamia -empire collapsed due to foreign invasion -King Hammurabi | 12 | |
| 7393049985 | Pharaoh | kings of ancient Egypt | 13 | |
| 7393051049 | Pyramids | -monumental architecture for ancient Egypt -used as burial sites for pharaohs | 14 | |
| 7393054785 | Kush | -an African state that developed along the upper -reaches of the Nile -conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries | 15 | |
| 7393062331 | Indus River | -river sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea -location of Harappa civilization | 16 | |
| 7393070914 | Harappa | -major urban complex of the Harappan civilization -laid out on a planned grid pattern | 17 | |
| 7393082359 | Vedas | Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century | 18 | |
| 7393089492 | China | -HuangHe (Yellow) River -Shang Dynasty -Zhou Dynasty | 19 | |
| 7393094018 | Shang Dynasty | -Patriarchal -Ancestor Worship -Oracle Bones-writing -Strong Kings-expansion | 20 | |
| 7393099337 | In China Writing was __________ and speaking language was _________ | universal; different | 21 | |
| 7393104297 | Zhou Dynasty | -Feudalism (less centralized) -Mandate of Heaven | 22 | |
| 7393115077 | Mandate of Heaven | divine support for their rule | 23 | |
| 7393117862 | Americas | -Olmecs(mother civilization) -Chavin (South America) | 24 | |
| 7393121066 | Olmecs | -mother civilization -Mesoamerica -Irrigation -cities -writing -calendar -trade -large stone heads*** -no wheel -no large domesticated animals | 25 | |
| 7393126914 | Chavin | -South America -Andes -corn,quinoa,potatoes,llamas -Temples -Arts and Crafts | 26 | |
| 7393135264 | Phoenicians | -Alphabet (ours is based off theirs) (based on sounds) -traders | 27 | |
| 7393137022 | Jews | -Monotheism -God's focus on humans -Ethics/Law -Holy Text | 28 | |
| 7393140009 | Bureaucracy | -hierarchy -specialized functions | 29 |