AP US History Important People Review Flashcards

10471039298	John Locke	Enlightenment philosopher who advocated Social Contract and natural rights	0
10471039299	Thomas Paine	Advocated for independence from England in "Common Sense"	1
10471039300	Benjamin Franklin	Helped convince the King of France to give military assistance to the colonies during Revolutionary War	2
10471039301	George Mason	Anti-federalist in Virginia who opposed Constitution because it had no Bill of Rights	3
10471039302	Alexander Hamilton	Key figure in forming first Federalist Party; wanted to create a National Bank	4
10471039303	John Marshall	Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who established judicial review in Marbury v. Madison	5
10471039304	Lewis and Clark	Hired by Jefferson to explore the territory acquired by the Louisiana Purchase	6
10471039305	Sacajawea	Hired to serve as a guide and translator for the Lewis and Clark Expedition	7
10471039306	Eli Whitney	Invented cotton gin; helped extend slavery	8
10471039307	Frederick Douglass	Former slave and abolitionist who helped convince Lincoln to use Black troops in the Civil War; worked for equal rights for African-Americans	9
10471039308	Henry Clay	Senator who authored the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850	10
10471039309	William Lloyd Garrison	Abolitionist who published "The Liberator" advocating an immediate end to slavery	11
10471039310	Harriet Beecher Stowe	Helped raise anti-slavery feelings in the North by writing "Uncle Tom's Cabin"	12
10471039311	Robert E. Lee	Commander of the Confederate Forces during the Civil War; became President of Washington College	13
10471039312	Elizabeth Cady Stanton	Worked with Susan B. Anthony to extend suffrage (the right to vote) to women	14
10471039313	Susan B. Anthony	Worked to extend suffrage (the right to vote) to women before and after the Civil War	15
10471039314	Henry Ford	Worked to increase production by using an assembly line for my automobiles	16
10471039315	Andrew Carnegie	Industrial leader who made riches in the steel industry	17
10471039316	J.P. Morgan	Industrial leader who made riches in banking and finance	18
10471039317	John D. Rockefeller	Industrial leader who made riches in the oil business	19
10471039318	Cornelius Vanderbilt	Industrial leader who dominated the railroads	20
10471039319	Ida B. Wells	Civil rights leader who worked to push Congress to pass federal anti-lynching laws	21
10471039320	Booker T. Washington	Civil rights leader who advocated technical education for Blacks to achieve economic opportunity, then to seek equality	22
10471039321	W.E.B. DuBois	Founders of the NAACP; advocated for immediate equality for Black people and professional education	23
10471039322	Samuel Gompers	Helped to organize labor by serving as a leader in the American Federation of Labor	24
10471039323	Eugene V. Debs	Helped to organize labor by organizing the American Railway Union and leading a violent strike	25
10471039324	John Hay	Secretary of State who demanded equal trading rights in China (my Open Door Policy)	26
10471039325	Rosie the Riveter	Represented all working women during World War II	27
10471039326	Adolf Hitler	Nazi dictator in Germany who started WWII; gave the Final Solution (genocide) for the Jews in Europe	28
10471039327	Julius & Ethel Rosenberg	Caught and convicted of selling atomic secrets to the Soviets; increased the "Red Scare"	29
10471039328	Fidel Castro	Led the communist revolution in Cuba	30
10471039329	Joseph McCarthy	Most notorious communist hunter in Congress; made accusations with little or no real evidence	31
10471039330	Richard Nixon	President who visited China during the Cold War; better known for Watergate Scandal	32
10471039331	Mikhail Gorbachev	Soviet Premier who policies of reform in the Soviet Union helped to bring down that system	33
10471039332	Thurgood Marshall	NAACP lawyer who successfully argued against segregation in public schools in the 1950's	34
10471039333	Oliver Hill	NAACP lawyer who worked against school segregation in VA	35
10471039334	Martin Luther King Jr.	Non-violent civil rights leader of the 50's and 60's, organizing boycotts and marches	36
10471039335	Sandra Day O'Conner	First woman to sit on the Supreme Court	37
10471039336	Ruth Bader Ginsberg	Liberal judge, appointed to the Supreme Court by Bill Clinton, and help represent women on the bench	38
10471039337	Clarence Thomas	Conservative judge, appointed to the Supreme Court by George H.W. Bush, and help represent minorities on the bench	39
10471039338	Sally Ride	First American woman astronaut in space	40
10471039339	John Glenn	First American in space	41
10471039340	Neil Armstrong	First person to set foot on the moon	42
10471039341	George Washington	Leader of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; served as president of the Constitutional Convention and was the first president of the United States	43
10471039342	John Adams	Leaders of the Federalist Party and the first vice-president of the United States (and the 2nd president)	44
10471039343	Thomas Jefferson	Wrote Declaration of Independence and as president bought the Louisiana Purchase (the territory west of the Mississippi River) from France	45
10471039344	James Madison	Father of the Constitution; authored VA Plan for government and Bill of Rights	46
10471039345	James Monroe	President who came up with the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the American continents were off limits to Europeans	47
10471039346	Andrew Jackson	Worked to extend democracy as president; known for causing economic collapse due to destruction of National Bank	48
10471039347	Abraham Lincoln	As president, was willing to go to war with the Confederacy to restore the Union; issued the Emancipation Proclamation	49
10471039348	Ulysses S. Grant	Commander of the Union Army in the Civil War; served as President during most of the Reconstruction years	50
10471039349	Andrew Johnson	Conflict with Congress over Reconstruction policies after the Civil War led to him being the first impeached president	51
10471039350	Theodore Roosevelt	Both a Progressive and Imperialist President, associated with the "Square Deal" and the Panama Canal	52
10471039351	Woodrow Wilson	As a Progressive, pressed for "New Freedom" programs; wrote the 14 Points for a lasting peace after WWI	53
10471039352	Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)	Associated with the New Deal programs of the Depression, and asking Congress to declare war on Japan after the Pearl Harbor attacks	54
10471039353	Harry Truman	President who made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan to bring a quick end to WWII	55
10471039354	Dwight D. Eisenhower	American general who was in charge of the D-Day invasion, and later served 2 terms as president	56
10471039355	John F. Kennedy	Before being assassinated, he pledged to win the "race to the moon" and worked to contain communism as president	57
10471039356	Lyndon B. Johnson	Wanted to establish a "Great Society" as president; more known for escalating the war in Vietnam	58
10471039357	Ronald Reagan	President whose policies of defense spending put pressure on the Soviet Union to collapse; advocated shrinking the size of the national government and returning power to the states	59
10471039358	George H.W. Bush	President who was in office as Germany reunited while the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia split apart; pressed for the Persian Gulf War as a means to liberate Kuwait after it was taken over by Iraq	60
10471039359	Bill Clinton	President associated with lifting sanctions against South Africa, granting full diplomatic relations with Vietnam, NAFTA, and sending American troops into former Yugoslavia to stop civil war and atrocities	61
10471039360	George W. Bush	President who was in office during the 9/11 terrorist attacks; pressed for military action in Iraq and Afghanistan	62