AP Psych Unit 10 Flashcards
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| 13276898323 | free association | in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing | 0 | |
| 13276900692 | psychoanalysis | -freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts -the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions | 1 | |
| 13276900693 | unconscious | -a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories -but according to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware | 2 | |
| 13276905591 | id | -a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives -below surface -pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification -devilish -impulsive -instincts/drives | 3 | |
| 13276907733 | ego | -the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality (outward self) -mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality -the ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain -uses unconscious defense mechanisms -not always the complete story -REALITY PRINCIPLE | 4 | |
| 13276910920 | superego | -represents internalized ideals -provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations -guilt -morals/conscious -below surface -based on idealistic principle | 5 | |
| 13304071067 | are you born with a conscious | no | 6 | |
| 13276914541 | Freud psychosexual stages | -childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which the id's pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones -libido: one of life's greatest energies; expresses itself in different ways in different stages of life | 7 | |
| 13276922589 | Oedipus complex | according to Freud, a boy's sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father | 8 | |
| 13276924514 | identification | taking on someone else's characteristics to avoid feeling incompetent (bad swimmer talking only about swimming) | 9 | |
| 13276927839 | Freud's Psychosexual Stages | 1. Oral Stage 2. Anal Stage 3. Phallic Stage 4. Latency Stage 5. Genital Stage | 10 | |
| 13276931624 | oral stage of freud's psychosexual stages | -0-18 months -pleasure centers on mouth, lips, tongue -major task: weaning -sucking, biting, chewing -child still entirely Id | 11 | |
| 13323317647 | what happens in the oral stage if there is fixation | oral fixation -smoking, nail biting, overeating | 12 | |
| 13276934794 | anal stage of freud's psychosexual stages | -18-36 months -pleasure focuses on bowel/bladder elimination -cope with demands for control -toilet training -ego begins to develop | 13 | |
| 13323336500 | what happens if the anal stage is fixated | -obsessed with neatness, cleanliness, order, control -erikson connection to autonomy vs self doubt | 14 | |
| 13276939633 | phallic stage of freud's psychosexual stages | -3-6 years -pleasure zone in genitals -cope with incestuous sexual feelings -Oedipus complex (boy version) -electra complex (girl version) -superego begins to develop (guilt) | 15 | |
| 13276944010 | latency stage of freud's psychosexual stages | -6-12 -dormant sexual feelings -Id is buried-->all sexuality repressed because of Oedipus complex -development of defense mechanisms | 16 | |
| 13276946996 | genital stage of freud's psychosexual stages | -13-18 -erogenous zone: genitals -maturation of sexual interests/sexual intimacy -return of the Id | 17 | |
| 13337728818 | denial | refusing to accept reality | 18 | |
| 13337728819 | repression | burying traumatic memory | 19 | |
| 13337731079 | projection | accusing others of your flaws | 20 | |
| 13337737181 | regression | returning to childlike state | 21 | |
| 13337739527 | reaction formation | acting the opposite of how you feel -ex: school bully-->actually insecure | 22 | |
| 13354777686 | sublimation | redirecting negative feelings into more acceptable channels | 23 | |
| 13354781244 | rationalization | creating a logical excuse for illogical behavior | 24 | |
| 13354784574 | displacement | taking out anger/frustration on a person/object that is not the cause of the offense | 25 | |
| 13354789115 | talk therapy | -freud -talk about problems to get better | 26 | |
| 13354796456 | freudian slip | accidental, not so innocent slip of the tongue | 27 | |
| 13367067857 | neo-freudians; what did they not like about Freud's theories | -former students/followers of freud -left freud's circle over philosophical differences -generally did not like freud's: --negativity --emphasis on sex drive --lack of concern for social influences | 28 | |
| 13354810122 | on what beliefs do neo-freudians differ from freud | -place more emphasis on the conscious mind's role in interpreting experience and coping with the environment -doubt that sex and aggression were all consuming motivations | 29 | |
| 13354818924 | Alfred Adler | -neo freudian -all kids have initial weakness and insecurities -one's motivation is to overcome personal weakness, aka compensation -fixation on weaknesses leads to inferiority complex--> emotional and social paralysis from this fixation -interest in birth order | 30 | |
| 13367087773 | adler birth order traits (first, middle, baby, and only) | FIRST: motivated, high achieving, "achiever", responsible, organized, dethronement MIDDLE: "the peacemaker", mediator, flexible, may compete with oldest BABY: "life of the party", laid back, often spoiled, most sociable ONLY: similar to first born, high achievement, center of attention, prefer adult company | 31 | |
| 13354824011 | Karen Horney | -neofreudian -basic anxiety leads to basic hostility towards parents, which builds up, and as an adult the anxiety can lead to 1 of 3 neurotic trends/coping strategies: --moving towards others: compliant personality --moving away from others: detached personality --moving against others: aggressive personality | 32 | |
| 13397140573 | carl jung | -neofreudian -had background in religion -most of theories pull from Bible, literature, mythology | 33 | |
| 13354829873 | carl Jung's unconscious theory | -2 levels of the unconscious 1. personal unconscious: similar to freud's view 2. collective unconscious: a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history (shared ancestry of archetypes: hero, mother, etc) | 34 | |
| 13354836359 | projective tests | -personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics -ask ambiguous questions and answers are a projection of your unconscious | 35 | |
| 13354844425 | thematic apperception test (TAT) | -projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes -the story is a projection of one's self | 36 | |
| 13354850866 | Rorschach inkblot test | the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, designed by Hermann Rorschach; seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots | 37 | |
| 13354853719 | false consensus effect | the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors | 38 | |
| 13354857449 | terror management theory | a theory of death-related anxiety; explores people's emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death | 39 | |
| 13367051168 | penis envy | basis of freud's sexist theories...and the reason he is detested by many women | 40 | |
| 13367054320 | castration anxiety | cause for male 'insecurity' | 41 | |
| 13412785618 | Frued, Jung, Adler, and Horney are all _______________ | psychoanalysts | 42 | |
| 13367056172 | the minna question | -freud's wife=martha -martha's sister minna's husband died and she lived with them -After Freud died, Minna told Carl Jung that her and freud had an affair -2006-hotel ledger (freud signed mr/mrs freud) | 43 | |
| 13397169239 | traits | a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports | 44 | |
| 13397179830 | factor analysis | a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score | 45 | |
| 13397196423 | does biology influence your personality | yes | 46 | |
| 13397201210 | personality inventories | -a questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors -used to assess selected personality traits | 47 | |
| 13397204387 | Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) | -the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests -originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use) -this test is now used for many other screening purposes | 48 | |
| 13412793966 | humanists | -more positive -focus on individual's ability to shape/control their lives -self awareness/self improvement -not controlled by instincts/environment= free will -ABRAHAM MASLOW | 49 | |
| 13412816846 | who is the #1 humanist | Abraham Maslow | 50 | |
| 13412819176 | carl rogers | -humanistic -person/client centered therapy -"self actualizing tendency": humans' drive to fulfill their self concepts or the images they have of themselves --people that achieve self actualization are "fully functioning" (self directed with awareness of self; reached through unconditional positive regard) | 51 | |
| 13412841402 | what is the main idea trait theorists have | people differ according to the degree to which they possess certain personality traits | 52 | |
| 13412843987 | who are some trait theorists | -Raymond Cattell -Hans Eysenck -Gordon Allport | 53 | |
| 13397219037 | what are costa and mccrae's big 5 dimensions of personality | -conscientiousness -agreeableness -neuroticism -openness -extraversion | 54 | |
| 13412851467 | conscientiousness | -competence -order -dutifulness -achievement striving -self-discipline -deliberation | 55 | |
| 13412857109 | agreeableness | -trust -straightforwardness -altruism -compliance -modesty -tender-mindedness | 56 | |
| 13412861414 | neuroticism | -anxiety -hostility -depression -impulsiveness -vulnerability | 57 | |
| 13412866689 | openness | -fantasy -aesthetics -feelings -actions -ideas -values | 58 | |
| 13412873308 | extroversion | -warmth -gregariousness -assertiveness -activity -excitement seeking -positive emotion | 59 | |
| 13397227802 | how stable are the big 5 in adulthood | quite stable | 60 | |
| 13397232832 | person-situation controversy | -the question of whether behavior is caused more by personality or by situational factors -most psychologists think traits are fairly consistent but behaviors are not, so traits can't accurately predict behavior well | 61 | |
| 13397245239 | are traits more stable over time or more changing | stabilizing | 62 | |
| 13397247967 | Is our personality consistent from one situation to another | no | 63 | |
| 13451887637 | where do the eros and Thanatos reside? a. id b. superego c. ego | a | 64 | |
| 13451900811 | during what freud stage does the superego develop | phallic | 65 |