Definitions for Vocabulary Quiz 3 (AP World History) Flashcards

12755625060	AZTEC	Empire in the Valley of Mexico composed of a triple alliance of city-states who were eventually conquered by the Spanish	0
12755625061	VALLEY OF MEXICO	Fertile region between two mountain ranges in Central Mexico where numerous Mesoamerican civilizations developed.	1
12755625062	TENOCHTITLAN	Powerful city in the Valley of Mexico that reached a population of c. 150,000 people and served as the capital of the Aztec Empire.	2
12755625063	MONTEZUMA	Last chieftain of the Aztec Empire who was taken prisoner and murdered by the Spanish Conquistadors.	3
12755625064	CHINAMPAS	system of agriculture in Central Mexico where farms and gardens were constructed in lakes on 'floating islands'	4
12755625065	POCHTECA	Wealthy merchants within Aztec society	5
12755625066	CORTES	Spanish explorer and conquistador who led the conquest of the Aztec Empire in the early 16th century	6
12755625067	ANDEAN HIGHLANDS	Mountainous region on the west coast of South America where numerous civilizations developed.	7
12755625068	CUZCO	Capital city of the Inca Empire in South America, located in what is now the country of Peru.	8
12755625069	INCA	Major civilization in the Andes mountains hat stretched along the coast of western South America and lasted from 12th to 16th centuries when it was conquered by the Spanish.	9
12755625070	MACHU PICCHU	Fortified city in the Andes Mountains that demonstrates the skillful architectural practices of the Inca Empire.	10
12755625071	TERRACE FARMING	An agricultural system in which crops are planted in steps carved into mountains or hills.	11
12755625072	CURACAS	Local rulers under the Inca Empire	12
12755625073	METALLURGY	The science and technology of extracting, refining and preparing metals for use by humans.	13
12755625074	QUIPU	A system of record keeping in the Andean mountains that used knotted strings on a cord to keep track of numerical information.	14
12755625075	PIZARRO	Spanish explorer who led the conquest of the Inca Empire in what is today known as Peru.	15
12755625076	CARAVELS	A small European ship with lateen sails that helped establish overseas trading empires for Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries.	16
12755625077	CONQUISTADORS	Spanish 'conquerors' who were motivated by 'God, Gold and Glory'.	17
12755625078	VICEROYS	Highest-ranking officials over Spanish Colonies in the New World	18
12755625079	ENCOMIENDA	A system in the Spanish American colonies in which Amerindians were forced to work the land and convert to Christianity.	19
12755625080	COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE	The exchange of plants, animals, disease, and technologies among the Americas the rest of the world beginning in the late 15th century.	20
12755625081	MIDDLE PASSAGE	A stage of the Atlantic triangular trade in which millions of African people were transported to the Americas to serve as slaves.	21
12755625082	MARITIME	Connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity.	22
12755625083	DE LAS CASAS	Spanish bishop who devoted much of his life to protecting Amerindian peoples from exploitation and who helped pass the New Laws of 1542, which limited the enslavement of Amerindians.	23
12755625084	PRINCE HENRY	Portuguese sailor known as 'the Navigator', he was one of the earliest explorers of the 'Age of Discovery'.	24
12755625085	DIAS	Portuguese explorer and first European to sail around the southernmost tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope).	25
12755625086	DA GAMA	Portuguese explorer and first European to reach the land of India by sea.	26
12755625087	MALACCA	Port city in Southeast Asia that became a major trading center for Europeans.	27
12755625088	TREATY OF TORDESILLAS	An agreement between Spain and Portugal over how to divide the Americas for colonization.	28
12755625089	MAGELLAN	Portuguese explorer and first person to circumnavigate or sail around the earth.	29
12755625090	JOINT STOCK COMPANY	A business and/or trading enterprise that sold shares to individuals in order to spread risk and profits over a large number of investors.	30
12755625091	MERCANTILISM	Economic practice utilized by European colonizers in order to control imports, exports, and other economic factors within their colonies.	31
12755625092	COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION	the expansion of trade and business in the 16th and 17th centuries that transformed European economies	32
12755625093	CARTIER	French explorer who sailed up the St. Lawrence River and helped establish France's claims in North America.	33