AP World History Chapter 12 Flashcards

14232046038	Li Qingzhao (1084-1151)	Famous woman poet of the Song dynasty who wrote a first-person memoir about her marriage to Zhao Mingcheng.	0
14232063183	Song dynasty	(970-1276) Dynasty that ruled a united China	1
14232070907	Jin dynasty	(1115-1234) Dynasty of the Jurchen people of Manchuria that ruled north China from 1127-1234, when the Mongols defeated their armies	2
14232081674	Gunpowder	Mixture of potassium nitrate, sulfur, and charcoal used by the Chinese for fireworks and explosive weapons.	3
14232085489	Paper money	Money that could be used instead of bronze coins; issued around 100 by the Song dynasty, the first government in world history to do so.	4
14232089482	New Policies	Reforms, implemented between 1069 and 1086, that included paying all government salaries in money and extending low-interest loans to poor peasants.	5
14232100342	Movable type	Printing method first developed in China after 1040 by printers who arranged reusable individual characters on the page.	6
14232106664	Advanced scholar	The highest degree given by the government to the top-scoring examination candidates.	7
14232114555	Shadow privilege	Privilege extended to sons and relatives of Song dynasty officials, allowing them to take a less competitive series of examinations.	8
14232119622	Zhu Xi	(1130-1200) The leading thinker of Neo-Confucianism, who wrote a commentary on The Four Books.	9
14232132179	Neo-Confucianism	Teachings of the thinker Zhu Xi and his followers that urged students to apprehend the principle in psychophysical stuff, or qi.	10
14232137093	Steel-needle compass	a navigational instrument made by floating a magnetized steel needle in water: since the magnetized needle pointed north, sailors knew where to go.	11
14232141981	Zhao Rugua	(fl. 1225) Author of The Description of Foreign Peoples, a compendium of information about China's closest trading partners in East Asia and distant places such as the east coasts of Africa and Spain.	12
14232147840	Ly dynasty	(1009-1224) the independent rulers of Vietnam who adopted the Tang Code in 1042.	13
14232150334	Koryo dynasty	(936-1392) dynasty that gave its name to the modern country of Korea, whose founder adopted Tang governing models.	14
14232155805	Shogun	an all powerful military leader governing on behalf of the emperor.	15
14232163948	Zen Buddhism	a japanese school of buddhism that emphasized attaining enlightenment through medition.	16