Chapter 37 Terms AP World History Flashcards
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| 13789450097 | Jawaharlal Nehru | Indian statesman, succeeded Gandhi as leader of the Indian National Congress, negotiated the end of British colonial rule in India and became India's first prime minister (1947-1964) | 0 | |
| 13789474038 | Ho Chi Minh | (1890-1969) Vietnamese communist statesman who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South Vietnam until 1975 | 1 | |
| 13789510687 | Nassar | Egyptian leader during Suez Canal crisis, created the short-lived United Arab Republic | 2 | |
| 13789534406 | Kwame Nkrumah | Leader of nonviolent protests for freedom on the Gold Coast. When independence was gained, he became the first prime minister of Ghana. He develpoped economic projects, but was criticized for spending too much time on Pan-African efforts, and neglecting his own countries' issues | 3 | |
| 13789565613 | Jomo Kenyatta | Nationalist who helped lead Kenya to independence, Kenya's first president | 4 | |
| 13789581035 | Deng Xiaoping | Leader of China from 1976 to 1997 whose reforms essentially dismantled the communist elements of the Chinese economy. | 5 | |
| 13789587637 | Indira Gandhi | (1917-1984) served as prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977, first and only female prime minister, focussed on centralization of power, named "Woman of the Millennium" in 1999 | 6 | |
| 13789637159 | Arafat | Leader of PLO, called for destruction of Israel, signed Oslo Accords to give Palestine limited self rule | 7 | |
| 13789689325 | Ayatollah Khomeini | (1900-1989) Iranian religious leader of the Shiites; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell Khomeini established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers | 8 | |
| 13789712021 | Juan Peron | dominant authoritarian and populist leader in Argentina from the mid-1940s; driven into exile in 1955; returned and elected president in 1973 | 9 | |
| 13789726418 | Nelson Mandela | ANC leader imprisoned by Afrikaner regime; released in 1990 and elected as president of South Africa in 1994. | 10 | |
| 13789729423 | OAU | Organization of African Unity, promoted cooperation among members, supported independence and sough peaceful settlements of disputes | 11 | |
| 13789738946 | African National Congress | The African National Congress is the Republic of South Africa's governing social democratic political party. | 12 | |
| 13789767210 | Apartheid | Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas. | 13 | |
| 13789782926 | Decolonization | The collapse of colonial empires. Between 1947 and 1962, practically all former colonies in Asia and Africa gained independence. | 14 | |
| 13789780449 | Balfour Declaration | Statement issued by Britain's Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine. | 15 | |
| 13789795067 | Suez Canal Crisis | Nasser took over the Suez Canal to show separation of Egypt from the West, but Israel, the British, Iraq, and France were all against Nasser's action. The U.S. stepped in before too much serious fighting began. | 16 | |
| 13789805753 | Great Leap Forward | Started by Mao Zedong, combined collective farms into People's Communes, failed because there was no incentive to work harder, ended after 2 years. | 17 | |
| 13789815240 | Cultural Revolution (China) | Mao Zedong's campaign (1966-1968) to purge China of traditional cultures, ideas, and institutions | 18 | |
| 13789818950 | Tiananmen Square | Site in Beijing where Chinese students and workers gathered to demand greater political openness in 1989. The demonstration was crushed by Chinese military with great loss of life. | 19 | |
| 13789823281 | PLO | The Palestine Liberation Organization- dedicated to the establishment of an independent state for Palestinian Arabs and the elimination of Israel | 20 | |
| 13789830739 | Islamism | A fundamentalist Islamic revivalist movement generally characterized by moral conservatism and the literal interpretation of the Quran and the attempt to implement Islamic values in all aspects of life. | 21 | |
| 13789836795 | Sandinstas | Members of a leftist coalition that overthrew the Nicaraguan dictatorship and attempted to install a socialist economy. The United States financed armed opposition by the Contras. | 22 | |
| 13789846117 | Liberation Theology | the combining of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character | 23 | |
| 13789851344 | Dependency Theory | a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the historical exploitation of poor nations by rich ones | 24 |