cell cycle - all the activities in a cell

• begins w/ formation of new cell, ends w/ cell replication
• mitosis - replication/division of nucleus in a eukaryotic cell
  • rarely occurs in bone/neuron cells
• cytokinesis - division of cell/cytoplasm
  • doesn't take place in multinucleated cells like striated muscle fibers, algal filaments
• interphase - G1, S, G2 phases
  • G1 phase - majority of cellular activity
  • S phase - DNA replicated, produces identical pairs of chromatids attached at the centromere
  • G2 phase - structures for mitosis made

mitosis - separates genetic material, makes nucleus for each set of DNA

• prophase - mitotic spindle forms between centrioles
  • kinetochore fibers attach to kinetochore protein disk on centromere
  • aster - microtubules radiating from the centriole to brace it
• metaphase - chromosomes align in cell's center
• anaphase - sister chromatids separate
• telophase - mitotic apparatus disassembles

mitosis in animal cells - asters form w/ centrioles at the center

• cleavage furrow - forms during cytokinesis, pinches cell in 2
• embryos offer most examples of mitosis

mitosis in plant cells - no asters, centrioles

• meristems - areas of rapid cell division at root tips
• cell plate - separation that forms perpendicular to axis of spindle apparatus, grows out to periphery