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Holt Earth Science Chapter 12, Section 12.3

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Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Chemistry
Physics
Nature
Nuclear physics
Radioactivity
Nuclear chemistry
Isotopes
Radioactive decay
Radiometric dating
Neutron
Atom
Radionuclide

Dating With Radioactivity It is possible to measure numerical values for the age of Earth?s geologic activities - in billions and millions of years - by using radiometric dating. A. Reviewing Basic Atomic Structure An atom has a nucleus with protons (positive) and neutrons (proton+electron combined = neutral) orbited by electrons (negative charge). Atomic Number = number of protons in the nucleus; each element?s Atomic Number differs. Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. 99.9% of an atom?s mass is in the nucleus - electrons have hardly any mass. By adding together the number of protons and neutrons, the atomic mass of an atom is obtained. The number of neutrons varies (called isotopes; have different atomic masses).

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